Pneumology Group, Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Center for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, New Lambton, NSW, Australia.
Respirology. 2018 Oct;23(10):901-913. doi: 10.1111/resp.13339. Epub 2018 Jul 4.
The associations between the consumption of fast foods and asthma or allergic diseases have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to determine whether fast foods consumption is associated with asthma or allergic diseases. Databases were searched up to February 2018. Studies investigating the associations between fast foods consumption and asthma or allergic diseases were considered eligible. Included studies were assessed for quality using standardized critical appraisal checklists. The quality scores were 5.33 ± 1.16 in case-control studies and 5.69 ± 1.55 in cross-sectional studies. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled. Sixteen studies (13 cross-sectional and 3 case-control studies) were included. The consumption of fast foods was significantly related to current asthma (aOR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.17-2.13 for case-control study and aOR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.10-2.26 for cross-sectional studies), severe asthma (aOR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.23-1.46), asthma ever (aOR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.06-1.75), current wheeze (aOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.16-1.27), wheeze ever (aOR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.07-2.52), physician-diagnosed allergic rhinitis (odds ratio: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.05-1.95), severe eczema (aOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.96) and severe rhino-conjunctivitis (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.18-2.00). The consumption of hamburgers was associated with current asthma (aOR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.13-2.25), severe asthma (aOR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.23-1.46), asthma ever (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.13-1.92), severe eczema (aOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.16-1.96), severe rhino-conjunctivitis (aOR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.18-2.00) and rhino-conjunctivitis (aOR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.15-1.27). The consumption of fast foods, especially hamburgers, ≥3 times/week, was more likely to be associated with severe asthma and current wheeze compared with the consumption of 1-2 times/week (both P < 0.001). In conclusion, the consumption of fast foods, particularly hamburgers, correlates to asthma in a dose-response pattern, which needs to be further validated in longitudinal and interventional studies.
快餐消费与哮喘或过敏性疾病之间的关系尚未明确。本研究旨在确定快餐消费是否与哮喘或过敏性疾病有关。研究人员检索了截至 2018 年 2 月的数据库。纳入了研究快餐消费与哮喘或过敏性疾病之间关系的研究。使用标准化的批判性评估检查表评估纳入的研究。病例对照研究的质量评分为 5.33 ± 1.16，横断面研究的质量评分为 5.69 ± 1.55。汇总了调整后的比值比（aOR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。纳入了 16 项研究（13 项横断面研究和 3 项病例对照研究）。快餐消费与当前哮喘（aOR：1.58；95%CI：1.17-2.13 用于病例对照研究和 aOR：1.58；95%CI：1.10-2.26 用于横断面研究）、重度哮喘（aOR：1.34；95%CI：1.23-1.46）、既往哮喘（aOR：1.36；95%CI：1.06-1.75）、当前喘息（aOR：1.21；95%CI：1.16-1.27）、喘息既往史（aOR：1.65；95%CI：1.07-2.52）、医生诊断的过敏性鼻炎（比值比：1.43；95%CI：1.05-1.95）、重度特应性皮炎（aOR：1.51；95%CI：1.16-1.96）和重度鼻结膜炎（aOR：1.54；95%CI：1.18-2.00）显著相关。食用汉堡与当前哮喘（aOR：1.59；95%CI：1.13-2.25）、重度哮喘（aOR：1.34；95%CI：1.23-1.46）、既往哮喘（aOR：1.47；95%CI：1.13-1.92）、重度特应性皮炎（aOR：1.51；95%CI：1.16-1.96）、重度鼻结膜炎（aOR：1.54；95%CI：1.18-2.00）和鼻结膜炎（aOR：1.21；95%CI：1.15-1.27）有关。每周食用快餐，尤其是汉堡，≥3 次，与每周食用 1-2 次相比，更有可能与重度哮喘和当前喘息有关（均 P<0.001）。总之，快餐消费，特别是汉堡，与哮喘呈剂量反应关系，这需要在纵向和干预性研究中进一步验证。
