Sanders George J, Roe Brenda, Knowles Zoe R, Kaehne Axel, Fairclough Stuart J
Physical Activity and Health Research Group, Department of Sport and Physical Activity, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.
Faculty of Health & Social Care, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK.
Prim Health Care Res Dev. 2018 Jul 6;20:e60. doi: 10.1017/S1463423618000373.
The purpose of this formative study was to explore current knowledge and attitudes towards physical activity, as well as perceived barriers, facilitators and opportunities for physical activity participation among older adults living in the community. The findings have subsequently informed the design, delivery and recruitment strategies of a local community physical activity intervention programme which forms part of Sport England's national Get Healthy, Get Active initiative.
There is a growing public health concern regarding the amount of time spent in sedentary and physical activity behaviours within the older adult population.
Between March and June 2016, 34 participants took part in one of six focus groups as part of a descriptive formative study. A homogenous purposive sample of 28 community dwelling white, British older adults (six male), aged 65-90 years (M=78, SD=7 years) participated in one of five focus group sessions. An additional convenience pragmatic sub-sample of six participants (three male), aged 65-90 years (M=75, SD=4 years), recruited from an assisted living retirement home participated in a sixth focus group. Questions for focus groups were structured around the PRECEDE stage of the PRECEDE-PROCEDE model of health programme design, implementation and evaluation. Questions addressed knowledge, attitudes and beliefs towards physical activity, as well as views on barriers and opportunities for physical activity participation. All data were transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was then conducted with outcomes represented as pen profiles.
Consistent views regarding both the potential physical and psychosocial benefits of physical activity were noted regardless of living status. The themes of, opportunities and awareness for physical activity participation, cost, transport, location and season/weather varied between participants living in an assisted living retirement home and community dwelling older adults. Further comparative research on the physical activity requirements of older adults living in assisted living versus community settings are warranted.
这项形成性研究的目的是探索社区中老年人对体育活动的现有知识和态度，以及他们对参与体育活动的感知障碍、促进因素和机会。这些研究结果随后为一项当地社区体育活动干预计划的设计、实施和招募策略提供了参考，该计划是英国体育协会“健康起来，动起来”全国倡议的一部分。
公众对老年人群体久坐和体育活动行为所花费的时间越来越关注。
2016年3月至6月期间，34名参与者参加了六个焦点小组中的一个，作为描述性形成性研究的一部分。28名居住在社区的英国白人老年人（6名男性）组成的同质目的样本，年龄在65 - 90岁之间（M = 78，SD = 7岁），参加了五个焦点小组会议中的一个。另外从一家辅助生活养老院招募的6名参与者（3名男性）组成的便利实用子样本，年龄在65 - 90岁之间（M = 75，SD = 4岁），参加了第六个焦点小组。焦点小组的问题围绕健康计划设计、实施和评估的PRECEDE - PROCEDE模型的PRECEDE阶段构建。问题涉及对体育活动的知识、态度和信念，以及对参与体育活动的障碍和机会的看法。所有数据都逐字转录。然后进行主题分析，结果以笔述形式呈现。
无论生活状况如何，参与者对体育活动潜在的身体和心理社会益处都有一致的看法。在辅助生活养老院居住的参与者和社区居住的老年人之间，体育活动参与的机会和意识、成本、交通、地点以及季节/天气等主题存在差异。有必要对居住在辅助生活环境与社区环境中的老年人的体育活动需求进行进一步的比较研究。
