Oberhofer Katja, Wettenschwiler Patrick D, Singh Navrag, Ferguson Stephen J, Annaheim Simon, Rossi Rene M, Lorenzetti Silvio
Institute for Biomechanics, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Empa, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland.
Appl Bionics Biomech. 2018 Jun 6;2018:4671956. doi: 10.1155/2018/4671956. eCollection 2018.
The introduction of hip belts to backpacks has caused a shift of loading from the spine to the hips with reported improvements in musculoskeletal comfort. Yet the effects of different hip belt tensions on gait biomechanics remain largely unknown. The goal of this study was to assess the influence of backpack weight and hip belt tension on gait biomechanics. Data from optical motion capture and ground reaction forces (GRF) during walking were acquired in nine healthy male subjects (age 28.0 ± 3.9 years). Six configurations of a commercial backpack were analyzed, that is, 15 kg, 20 kg, and 25 kg loading with 30 N and 120 N hip belt tension. Joint ranges of motion (ROM), peak GRF, and joint moments during gait were analyzed for significant differences by repeated measures of ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc comparison. Increased loading led to a significant reduction of knee flexion-extension ROM as well as pelvis rotational ROM. No statistically significant effect of hip belt tension magnitudes on gait dynamics was found at any backpack weight, yet there was a trend of increased pelvis ROM in the transverse plane with higher hip belt tension at 25 kg loading. Further research is needed to elucidate the optimum hip belt tension magnitudes for different loading weights to reduce the risks of injury especially with higher loading.
在背包上引入髋部腰带已使负荷从脊柱转移至髋部，据报道肌肉骨骼舒适度有所改善。然而，不同髋部腰带张力对步态生物力学的影响仍 largely unknown。本研究的目的是评估背包重量和髋部腰带张力对步态生物力学的影响。在9名健康男性受试者（年龄28.0 ± 3.9岁）行走过程中，采集了光学运动捕捉数据和地面反作用力（GRF）。分析了一款商用背包的六种配置，即15千克、20千克和25千克负荷，以及30牛和120牛的髋部腰带张力。通过重复测量方差分析和Bonferroni事后比较，分析了步态过程中的关节活动范围（ROM）、峰值GRF和关节力矩的显著差异。负荷增加导致膝关节屈伸ROM以及骨盆旋转ROM显著降低。在任何背包重量下，均未发现髋部腰带张力大小对步态动力学有统计学显著影响，但在25千克负荷下，随着髋部腰带张力增加，骨盆在横断面的ROM有增加趋势。需要进一步研究以阐明不同负荷重量下的最佳髋部腰带张力大小，以降低受伤风险，尤其是在负荷较高时。
