Ivbule Meldra, Miklaševičs Edvīns, Čupāne Liene, Bērziņa Laima, Bālinš Andris, Valdovska Anda
Veterinary Surveillance Department, Food and Veterinary Service, Riga, LV-1050, Latvia.
Institute of Oncology, Riga Stradins University, Riga, LV-1002, Latvia.
J Vet Res. 2017 Sep 19;61(3):267-277. doi: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0037. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is a highly resistant and difficult to cure zoonotic microorganism, which makes up a large part of food toxic infections and has shown high prevalence among pig population all over the world. The aim of the study was to establish the occurrence of MRSA in slaughterhouses, evaluate its antimicrobial resistance, and verify whether there are any differences or similarities with reference to other European countries.
A total of 100 pigs, 105 carcasses, 19 workers, and 24 samples from the environment of several slaughterhouses were examined by conventional microbial and molecular methods.
In total, 78 MRSA isolates were found. MRSA prevalence in slaughtered pigs varied from 8.0% to 88.6% depending on the slaughterhouse, reaching higher prevalence in slaughterhouses with higher slaughter capacity. In total, 21.1% of all workers were carriers of MRSA and 6.7% of carcasses were contaminated with MRSA. The 98.2% of MRSA isolates were resistant to penicillin, 89.1% to tetracycline, 60.1% to erythromycin, 65.5% to gentamycin, and 15 different types were found, among which type was most widespread.
The study indicated that MRSA prevalence and types differed according to slaughterhouse slaughter capacity and good hygiene practices. Quite high MRSA occurrence among slaughterhouse workers is one of the main factors which increase pork contamination risk.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是一种具有高度耐药性且难以治愈的人畜共患病微生物，它在食物中毒感染中占很大比例，并且在全球猪群中普遍存在。本研究的目的是确定屠宰场中MRSA的发生率，评估其抗菌耐药性，并验证与其他欧洲国家相比是否存在差异或相似之处。
采用传统微生物学和分子方法对来自几家屠宰场的100头猪、105具胴体、19名工人和24份环境样本进行了检测。
共发现78株MRSA分离株。根据屠宰场的不同，屠宰猪中MRSA的流行率从8.0%到88.6%不等，在屠宰能力较高的屠宰场中流行率更高。所有工人中，共有21.1%是MRSA携带者，6.7%的胴体被MRSA污染。98.2%的MRSA分离株对青霉素耐药，89.1%对四环素耐药，60.1%对红霉素耐药，65.5%对庆大霉素耐药，共发现15种不同类型，其中某一类型最为普遍。
研究表明，MRSA的流行率和类型因屠宰场的屠宰能力和良好的卫生习惯而异。屠宰场工人中MRSA的高发生率是增加猪肉污染风险的主要因素之一。
