School of Health Studies, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee; and.
Department of Health, Exercise, and Sport Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas.
J Strength Cond Res. 2020 Jun;34(6):1634-1642. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000002740.
Smith, RE, Paquette, MR, Harry, JR, Powell, DW, and Weiss, LW. Footwear and sex differences in performance and joint kinetics during maximal vertical jumping. J Strength Cond Res 34(6): 1634-1642, 2020-This investigation examined the effects of footwear and sex on vertical jump displacement and joint power contributions. Twenty-three young adults with basketball experience performed 3 maximal countermovement vertical jumps in minimal and standard footwear. Ground reaction force and 3D kinematic data were collected during jumping. Footwear by sex analysis of variance for all dependent variables and effect sizes (d) was computed. An interaction effect showed that men produced greater lower-limb-positive work than women in standard footwear. Men jumped higher than women (d = 2.53) and produced greater peak ankle, knee and hip joint moments (d > 0.99), positive joint powers (d > 1.07) and, positive knee and hip joint work (d > 1.04) with no sex differences for negative joint powers and work (p > 0.05). Minimal footwear produced less peak-positive knee power (d = 0.27) and less positive ankle (d = 0.34) and knee (d = 0.21) joint work than standard footwear. Because negative joint power and work were similar between sexes, men may be better able to use the stretch-shortening cycle compared with women. Higher joint mechanical demands may provide a better vertical jumping training stimulus in standard compared with minimal footwear. Future studies should investigate footwear training effects on performance and joint mechanics during jumping.
史密斯，RE，派奎特，MR，哈里，JR，鲍威尔，DW，和魏斯，LW。鞋类和性别差异对最大垂直跳跃时的表现和关节动力学的影响。J 力量与条件研究 34(6)：1634-1642，2020-本研究探讨了鞋类和性别对垂直跳跃位移和关节功率贡献的影响。23 名有篮球经验的年轻人在最小和标准鞋类中进行了 3 次最大的反跳垂直跳跃。在跳跃过程中收集了地面反作用力和 3D 运动学数据。对所有依赖变量进行了鞋类和性别的方差分析和效应大小(d)的计算。交互作用表明，在标准鞋类中，男性的下肢正功大于女性。男性比女性跳得更高(d = 2.53)，产生更大的峰值踝关节、膝关节和髋关节力矩(d > 0.99)、正向关节功率(d > 1.07)和正向膝关节和髋关节功(d > 1.04)，而负向关节功率和功无性别差异(p > 0.05)。最小鞋类产生的峰值正膝关节功率(d = 0.27)和正向踝关节(d = 0.34)和膝关节(d = 0.21)功小于标准鞋类。由于男女之间的负向关节功率和功相似，男性可能比女性更能利用伸展-缩短周期。与最小鞋类相比，标准鞋类可能提供更好的垂直跳跃训练刺激，以满足更高的关节力学需求。未来的研究应该调查鞋类训练对跳跃时表现和关节力学的影响。
