Wildlife Research Center of Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Wildlife Genome Collaborative Research Group, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 6;8(1):10255. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28112-7.
We studied personality, subjective well-being, and hair cortisol level, in common marmosets Callithrix jacchus, a small, cooperatively breeding New World monkey, by examining their associations with one another and genotypes. Subjects were 68 males and 9 females that lived in the RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies. Personality and subjective well-being were assessed by keeper ratings on two questionnaires, hair samples were obtained to assay cortisol level and buccal swabs were used to assess AVPR1a, OPRM1 and DAT genotypes. Three personality domains-Dominance, Sociability, and Neuroticism-were identified. Consistent with findings in other species, Sociability and Neuroticism were related to higher and lower subjective well-being, respectively. Sociability was also associated with higher hair cortisol levels. The personality domains and hair cortisol levels were heritable and associated with genotypes: the short form of AVPR1a was associated with lower Neuroticism and the AA genotype of the A111T SNP of OPRM1 was related to lower Dominance, lower Neuroticism, and higher hair cortisol level. Some genetic associations were not in directions that one would expect given findings in other species. These findings provide insights into the proximate and ultimate bases of personality in common marmosets, other primates and humans.
我们通过研究人格、主观幸福感和皮质醇水平，研究了小型、合作繁殖的新世界猴——普通狨 Callithrix jacchus 的这些特征之间的相互关系及其与基因型的关系。研究对象是居住在理研生命科学技术中心的 68 只雄性和 9 只雌性普通狨。人格和主观幸福感通过饲养员在两份问卷上的评分进行评估，采集毛发样本以检测皮质醇水平，使用口腔拭子评估 AVPR1a、OPRM1 和 DAT 基因型。确定了三个人格领域——支配性、社交性和神经质。与其他物种的发现一致，社交性与更高的主观幸福感相关，而神经质与更低的主观幸福感相关。社交性也与更高的皮质醇水平相关。人格领域和皮质醇水平具有遗传性，并与基因型相关：AVPR1a 的短形式与较低的神经质相关，OPRM1 的 A111T SNP 的 AA 基因型与较低的支配性、较低的神经质和较高的皮质醇水平相关。一些遗传关联与其他物种的发现不一致。这些发现为普通狨、其他灵长类动物和人类的人格的近因和终极基础提供了新的见解。
