Norman Max, Rowden Lewis J, Cowlishaw Guy
Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom.
Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom.
PeerJ. 2021 Sep 7;9:e12044. doi: 10.7717/peerj.12044. eCollection 2021.
Studies of primate personality have become increasingly common over the past three decades. Recently, studies have begun to focus on the health, welfare and conservation implications of personality, and the potential applications of incorporating quantitative personality assessments into animal management programmes. However, this literature is dispersed across a multitude of settings and scientific disciplines. We conducted a review of nonhuman primate personality studies relevant to these issues published since 2010, following on from an earlier review. The databases ScienceDirect, PubMed and Web of Science were used to identify relevant articles. After eliminating irrelevant or duplicate papers, 69 studies were selected. Our review reveals that, while primate personality research is carried out on a range of species, there is strong taxonomic bias. While 28 species appeared within the reviewed literature, 52% of studies were carried out on just five species. Further, the most common research focus (43%) was validating new assessment methods or describing personality in different species, rather than exploring the links between personality and animal welfare using existing validated methods. However, among the remaining studies that did explore the role of animal personality in husbandry, health, and welfare, we identified progression towards integrating personality data into various aspects of animal management. Evidence suggests the assessment of personality may benefit social group management, enrichment practices, training protocols, health and welfare monitoring, and conservation planning for endangered species. We argue that further research which develops our understanding of primate personality and its influence in these areas will provide a valuable tool to inform animal management practices.
在过去三十年里，对灵长类动物个性的研究越来越普遍。最近，研究开始关注个性对健康、福利和保护的影响，以及将定量个性评估纳入动物管理计划的潜在应用。然而，这些文献分散在众多背景和科学学科中。继早期的一项综述之后，我们对自2010年以来发表的与这些问题相关的非人类灵长类动物个性研究进行了综述。使用科学Direct、PubMed和科学网数据库来识别相关文章。在剔除不相关或重复的论文后，选取了69项研究。我们的综述表明，虽然灵长类动物个性研究涉及一系列物种，但存在很强的分类学偏差。虽然在所审查的文献中出现了28个物种，但52%的研究仅针对五个物种进行。此外，最常见的研究重点（43%）是验证新的评估方法或描述不同物种的个性，而不是使用现有的经过验证的方法探索个性与动物福利之间的联系。然而，在其余确实探索动物个性在饲养、健康和福利方面作用的研究中，我们发现了将个性数据整合到动物管理各个方面的进展。有证据表明，个性评估可能有益于社会群体管理、丰富实践、训练方案、健康和福利监测以及濒危物种的保护规划。我们认为，进一步的研究将加深我们对灵长类动物个性及其在这些领域影响的理解，从而为动物管理实践提供有价值的工具。
