Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA.
Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB), Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA.
Viruses. 2018 Jul 7;10(7):362. doi: 10.3390/v10070362.
Tick-borne viral diseases continue to emerge in the United States, as clearly evident from the increase in Powassan encephalitis virus, Heartland virus, and Bourbon virus infections. Tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) are transmitted to the mammalian host along with the infected tick saliva during blood-feeding. Successful tick feeding is facilitated by a complex repertoire of pharmacologically active salivary proteins/factors in tick saliva. These salivary factors create an immunologically privileged micro-environment in the host’s skin that influences virus transmission and pathogenesis. In this review, we will highlight tick determinants of TBFV transmission with a special emphasis on tick⁻virus⁻host interactions at the cutaneous interface.
虫媒病毒病继续在美国出现，这从 Powassan 脑炎病毒、Heartland 病毒和 Bourbon 病毒感染的增加中可以明显看出。在吸血时，感染的蜱唾液会将虫媒黄病毒（TBFV）传播给哺乳动物宿主。蜱唾液中的一系列具有药理学活性的唾液蛋白/因子有助于成功地蜱叮咬。这些唾液因子在宿主皮肤中形成一个免疫特惠的微环境，影响病毒的传播和发病机制。在这篇综述中，我们将重点介绍蜱在 TBFV 传播中的决定因素，特别强调在皮肤界面处的蜱-病毒-宿主相互作用。
