Saint Louis Children's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2019 Aug;21(4):716-722. doi: 10.1007/s10903-018-0786-6.
A large proportion of Americans have the opinion that immigrants increase crime. Although past research has not found immigrant status to be associated with criminal behavior, American immigration policy has historically discriminated against certain groups based on their region of birth due to safety concerns. The purpose of the present study was to examine differences in externalizing behavior by immigrant's region of birth. Data was used from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS-K), a nationally representative and longitudinal study of 21,260 kindergarteners. A series of Poisson regression models were used to predict externalizing behavior of fifth grade students from immigrant status and parent's region of birth. Analyses controlled for demographic characteristics of the child and family and were adjusted by probability weights and primary sampling unit provided by the ECLS-K. After controlling for family income and parents' educational status, immigrant youth had 0.04 lower externalizing behavior scores compared to native-born American youth (B = - 0.04, 95% CI - 0.06 to - 0.01). When considering differences by region of origin, youth from Asia (B = - 0.12, 95% CI - 0.17 to - 0.07) and Central America (B = - 0.10, 95% CI - 0.14 to - 0.05) had significantly lower externalizing behavior compared to native-born American youth, after controlling for covariates. In fifth grade, immigrant youth have significantly lower rates of externalizing behavior than native-born Americans. In particular, immigrant youth from Asia and Central America engaged in significantly less externalizing behavior than native-born Americans. No region of origin engaged in significantly more externalizing behavior than native-born youth.
很大一部分美国人认为移民会增加犯罪率。尽管过去的研究并没有发现移民身份与犯罪行为有关，但由于安全问题，美国的移民政策历史上一直歧视某些群体，依据是他们的出生地区。本研究的目的是检验移民出生地的不同与外化行为的差异。数据来自儿童早期纵向研究-幼儿园队列（ECLS-K），这是一项对 21260 名幼儿园儿童进行的全国代表性和纵向研究。采用一系列泊松回归模型，根据移民身份和父母的出生地来预测五年级学生的外化行为。分析控制了儿童和家庭的人口特征，并通过 ECLS-K 提供的概率权重和主要抽样单位进行了调整。在控制家庭收入和父母教育程度后，移民青年的外化行为得分比本土出生的美国青年低 0.04 分（B=-0.04，95%CI-0.06 至-0.01）。当考虑到原籍国的差异时，来自亚洲（B=-0.12，95%CI-0.17 至-0.07）和中美洲（B=-0.10，95%CI-0.14 至-0.05）的青年在控制了协变量后，其外化行为明显低于本土出生的美国青年。在五年级，移民青年的外化行为发生率明显低于本土出生的美国人。特别是来自亚洲和中美洲的移民青年比本土出生的美国人表现出明显较少的外化行为。没有任何原籍国的青年比本土青年表现出明显更多的外化行为。
