Silvia Paul J, Sizemore Anna J, Tipping Cassandra J, Perry Lydia B, King Sterling F
University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
Motiv Sci. 2018 Jun;4(2):109-117. doi: 10.1037/mot0000077. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
Implicit action primes and inaction primes can directly affect effort in some circumstances. The present research examined if people high in trait self-focused attention were more strongly affected by action and inaction primes. Past work has found that self-focus makes people more likely to encode implicit primes as self-relevant, thus increasing the effects of primes. As a result, we expected that people high in trait self-focus would be more strongly affected when primed with action and inaction concepts. A group of young adults completed a self-paced parity task in which most trials primed words related to action or inaction. Effort was measured as baseline-to-task change in the cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP), a measure of sympathetic autonomic influence on the heart. Trait self-focus significantly interacted with the priming manipulation. People high in self-focus were more sensitive to the action primes, shown in greater PEP reactivity, but not to the inaction primes. The findings extend the growing literature on how priming influences effort and support models of how self-focused attention shapes motivational processes.
内隐动作启动和无动作启动在某些情况下会直接影响努力程度。本研究考察了特质自我关注程度高的人是否会受到动作和无动作启动的更强影响。过去的研究发现,自我关注会使人们更有可能将内隐启动编码为与自我相关,从而增强启动的效果。因此,我们预期特质自我关注程度高的人在接触动作和无动作概念启动时会受到更强的影响。一组年轻人完成了一项自定节奏的奇偶任务,其中大多数试验启动了与动作或无动作相关的词语。努力程度通过心脏射血前期(PEP)从基线到任务状态的变化来衡量,这是交感自主神经对心脏影响的一种度量。特质自我关注与启动操作存在显著交互作用。自我关注程度高的人对动作启动更敏感,表现为更大的PEP反应性,但对无动作启动不敏感。这些发现扩展了关于启动如何影响努力程度的不断增长的文献,并支持了自我关注如何塑造动机过程的模型。