Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 10;644:649-660. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.366. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
An integrated stochastic-fuzzy pollution assessment method (ISFPAM) for soil heavy metal was established based on geo-accumulation index (I), stochastic-fuzzy theory and double weight system under synthetical consideration of metal ecotoxicity and bioaccessibility. The pollution characteristics of the topsoil heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Cr) in Xiangjiang New District were evaluated by the widely-used Single factor index (SF), Nemerow index (NI), I, Potential ecological index (PERI), Risk assessment code (RAC) and the ISFPAM. The results of SF, NI, I, RI and RAC of the studied metals revealed the following orders: Cd > Zn > Cr > Cu > Pb, Cd > Zn > Pb > Cr > Cu, Cd > Cr > Cu > Zn > Pb, Cd > Cu > Pb > Cr > Zn, and Cd > Pb > Cr > Zn > Cu, respectively. The different pollution assessment methods outputted the differentiated conclusions to some extent except the judgment for Cd. Results based on ISFPAM indicated that metal pollution degrees decreased in the order of Cd (5.91, Grade 6) > Cu (2.81, Grade 3) > Pb (2.66, Grade 3) > Cr (1.58, Grade 2) > Zn (0.69, Grade 1). By detailed comparison analysis, the double weight system and stochastic-fuzzy theory made ISFPAM better resolving ability to find out priority heavy metals and areas with relatively higher enrichment, ecotoxicity and bioaccessibility under efficient parameter uncertainty control. Cd, Cu and Pb were regarded as the priority control metals, especially Cd. Simultaneously, the reliabilities of heavy metal pollution corresponding to adjacent pollution grades were quite close in some sites, which recommend recheck for avoid misleading the decision-makers.
建立了一种基于地积累指数（I）、随机-模糊理论和双重权重系统的土壤重金属综合随机-模糊污染评估方法（ISFPAM），综合考虑了金属的生态毒性和生物可利用性。采用广泛应用的单因子指数（SF）、内梅罗指数（NI）、I、潜在生态指数（PERI）、风险评估码（RAC）和 ISFPAM 对湘江新区表层土壤重金属（Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb 和 Cr）的污染特征进行了评价。SF、NI、I、RI 和 RAC 结果表明，研究金属的污染特征如下顺序：Cd>Zn>Cr>Cu>Pb、Cd>Zn>Pb>Cr>Cu、Cd>Cr>Cu>Zn>Pb、Cd>Cu>Pb>Cr>Zn 和 Cd>Pb>Cr>Zn>Cu。除 Cd 外，不同的污染评估方法在一定程度上得出了不同的结论。基于 ISFPAM 的结果表明，金属污染程度依次为 Cd（5.91，6 级）>Cu（2.81，3 级）>Pb（2.66，3 级）>Cr（1.58，2 级）>Zn（0.69，1 级）。通过详细的对比分析，双重权重系统和随机-模糊理论使 ISFPAM 能够更好地解决问题，在有效控制参数不确定性的情况下，发现优先重金属和具有较高富集、生态毒性和生物可利用性的区域。Cd、Cu 和 Pb 被视为优先控制金属，尤其是 Cd。同时，一些地点相邻污染等级对应的重金属污染的可靠性非常接近，建议重新检查以避免误导决策者。
