LBqA - Laboratório de Bioquímica de Alimentos, Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil.
CDTN - Centro de Desenvolvimento da Tecnologia Nuclear, Cx Postal 941, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Nov;242(Pt A):383-389. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.101. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
Urban agriculture plays an important role in sustainable food supply. However, because of the atmospheric pollution and soil contamination associated with urban areas, this activity may be of concern. In fact, contamination of soil with metals and the transference of contaminants to vegetables can represent health and safety risks associated with urban agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of selected trace metals (cadmium, copper and lead) in three lettuce cultivars produced in three different urban gardens in the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil and their respective soils. Samples of lettuce and soil were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS-GF), respectively, and their transfer coefficients were calculated. The methods were optimized and were fit for the purpose. Copper was the prevalent metal found in soils and lettuce, with an average of 27.9 ± 13.9 and 0.608 ± 0.157 mg kg respectively, followed by lead (19.4 ± 7.7 and 0.037 ± 0.039 mg kg), and cadmium (0.16 ± 0.03 and 0.009 ± 0.005 mg kg). Cadmium presented the largest transfer coefficients, ranging from 0.34 to 1.84 with an average of 0.92 ± 0.45, which may indicate a potential risk of accumulation in vegetables in the case of high soil contamination. A significant positive correlation was observed (p < 0.01) between cadmium in lettuce and in soil. Even though lead concentrations varied in the soils from the different urban areas, ranging from 11.88 to 30.01 mg kg, no significant difference (p < 0.05) was found among the lettuce, probably due to its low mobility (transfer coefficient = 0.02). The copper and cadmium levels found in lettuce indicate safe lettuce production in the three urban gardens.
城市农业在可持续粮食供应方面发挥着重要作用。然而，由于城市地区的大气污染和土壤污染，这种活动可能令人担忧。事实上，土壤中金属的污染以及污染物向蔬菜的转移可能会给城市农业带来健康和安全风险。本研究的目的是评估三种生菜品种（生菜）在巴西贝洛奥里藏特大都市区三个不同城市花园生产时，其浓度选择痕量金属（镉、铜和铅）及其各自土壤中的浓度。生菜和土壤样品分别采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）和石墨炉原子吸收光谱法（AAS-GF）进行分析，并计算其转移系数。方法进行了优化，符合目的。铜是土壤和生菜中含量最丰富的金属，平均值分别为 27.9±13.9 和 0.608±0.157mg/kg，其次是铅（19.4±7.7 和 0.037±0.039mg/kg）和镉（0.16±0.03 和 0.009±0.005mg/kg）。镉的转移系数最大，范围为 0.34 至 1.84，平均值为 0.92±0.45，这可能表明在土壤污染高的情况下，蔬菜中可能存在积累的潜在风险。生菜和土壤中的镉之间观察到显著的正相关（p<0.01）。尽管不同城市地区土壤中的铅浓度不同，范围为 11.88 至 30.01mg/kg，但生菜中未发现显著差异（p<0.05），这可能是由于其低迁移性（转移系数=0.02）所致。生菜中发现的铜和镉水平表明，在三个城市花园中安全生产生菜。
