Deoni Sean C L
Nestle Nutr Inst Workshop Ser. 2018;89:155-174. doi: 10.1159/000486500. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
The first 1,000 days of life are increasingly viewed as laying the essential foundations for lifelong physical and mental health. Extending this age range to include childhood, that is up to 10 years of age, these early-life periods encompass the peak period of brain growth, coincide with the emergence of nearly all fundamental cognitive and behavioral skills and abilities, and overlap with the earliest onset and symptoms of a wide breadth of developmental, intellectual, and psychiatric disorders. It is increasingly recognized that altered brain development throughout this sensitive period can negatively affect cognitive and behavioral outcomes. The development of safe and noninvasive neuroimaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging, has provided important new insights into patterns of early structural and functional neurodevelopment, the relationships between brain growth and emerging brain function, and the influence of environmental, genetic, and nutritional factors on shaping these brain-function relationships. In particular, nutrition is a critical and readily modifiable influence that can profoundly impact early brain maturation. Here, we overview the current understanding of early-life nutrition and its effects on the developing brain as detailed through neuroimaging.
生命的最初1000天越来越被视为奠定终身身心健康的重要基础。将这个年龄范围扩展到童年期，即直至10岁，这些生命早期阶段涵盖了大脑生长的高峰期，几乎与所有基本认知和行为技能及能力的出现同时发生，并且与广泛的发育、智力和精神疾病的最早发病及症状相重叠。人们越来越认识到，在这个敏感时期大脑发育的改变会对认知和行为结果产生负面影响。安全且无创的神经成像技术的发展，如磁共振成像，为早期结构和功能神经发育模式、大脑生长与新兴脑功能之间的关系以及环境、遗传和营养因素对塑造这些脑功能关系的影响提供了重要的新见解。特别是，营养是一种关键且易于调节的影响因素，可深刻影响早期大脑成熟。在此，我们概述了目前通过神经成像详细了解的生命早期营养及其对发育中大脑的影响。
