Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
Nutrients. 2024 Oct 1;16(19):3337. doi: 10.3390/nu16193337.
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is known to be important for offspring growth and health and has also been increasingly recognized for shaping offspring brain development. On the other hand, recent advancements in brain imaging technology have provided unprecedented insights into fetal, neonatal, and pediatric brain morphometry and function. This review synthesizes the current literature regarding the impact of maternal nutrition on offspring brain development, with a specific focus on findings from neuroimaging studies. The diverse effects of maternal nutrients intake or status during pregnancy on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children are discussed. Neuroimaging evidence showed associations between maternal nutrition such as food categories, macronutrients, and micronutrients including vitamins and minerals during pregnancy and child brain imaging features measured using imaging techniques such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG). This review demonstrates the capability of neuroimaging in characterizing how maternal nutrition during pregnancy impacts structure and function of the developing brain that may further influence long-term neuropsychological, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes in children. It aims to inspire future research utilizing neuroimaging to deepen our understanding of the critical impacts of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on offspring brain development.
孕期母体营养被认为对后代的生长和健康很重要，并且越来越多的研究表明其对后代大脑发育也具有塑造作用。另一方面，脑成像技术的最新进展为胎儿、新生儿和儿科脑形态和功能提供了前所未有的见解。本综述综合了关于母体营养对后代大脑发育影响的现有文献，特别关注神经影像学研究的发现。讨论了孕期母体营养物质摄入或状态的多样性对儿童神经发育结果的影响。神经影像学证据表明，孕期母体营养（如食物类别、宏量营养素和微量营养素，包括维生素和矿物质）与使用超声、磁共振成像（MRI）、脑电图（EEG）和脑磁图（MEG）等成像技术测量的儿童脑成像特征之间存在关联。本综述表明，神经影像学能够描述孕期母体营养如何影响发育中大脑的结构和功能，这可能进一步影响儿童的长期神经心理、认知和行为结果。其旨在激发未来利用神经影像学的研究，以加深我们对孕期母体营养对后代大脑发育的关键影响的理解。
