Institute of Landscape Ecology - Climatology Group, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstr. 2, 48149, Münster, Germany.
Int J Biometeorol. 2020 Feb;64(2):205-216. doi: 10.1007/s00484-018-1574-7. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Human comfort in outdoor spaces (HCOS) is linked to people's psychological responses to environmental variables. Previous studies have established comfort ranges for these variables through interviews and questionnaires, reaching only limited populations. However, larger amounts of data would not only generate more robust results in local studies, but it would also allow for the possibility of creating an approach that could be applied to a wider range of weather conditions and different climates. Therefore, this study describes a new methodology to assess people's perception of weather based on human responses to weather conditions extracted from tweets, with the purpose of establishing comfort ranges for environmental variables. Tweets containing weather-associated keywords were collected, stored, and then linked to real-time meteorological data acquired nearby the locations in which the tweets were posted. Afterwards, people's perception of weather was extracted from the tweets using a classifier trained specifically on weather data that identified irrelevant, neutral, positive, and negative tweets. The obtained tweets and their related atmospheric data were analyzed to establish comfort ranges. The tweets' responses to effective temperature were very similar to those obtained in previous studies, although the peak of comfort is shifted towards the cold stress. Similarly, the tweets' responses to the thermohygrometric index were alike to previous results, but the peak of comfort is shifted towards the heat stress. Regarding the single weather variables under study, the obtained comfort ranges are similar to the ones found in previous research; in particular, the temperature comfort range matches perfectly at 20-22 °C. Therefore, it was concluded that tweets can be used to assess HCOS; not only are the results of this methodology comparable to results obtained in previous studies, but the procedure itself also shows new features and unexpected future applications.
人体在户外空间的舒适度（HCOS）与人对环境变量的心理反应有关。先前的研究通过访谈和问卷调查确定了这些变量的舒适范围，但只限于有限的人群。然而，更多的数据不仅会在当地研究中产生更稳健的结果，而且还可能创造出一种适用于更广泛的天气条件和不同气候的方法。因此，本研究描述了一种新的方法，基于从推文中提取的人类对天气条件的反应来评估人们对天气的感知，旨在确定环境变量的舒适范围。收集、存储包含与天气相关关键词的推文，并将其与附近发布推文地点的实时气象数据相关联。然后，使用专门针对天气数据训练的分类器从推文中提取人们对天气的感知，该分类器可以识别不相关、中性、积极和消极的推文。对获得的推文及其相关大气数据进行分析，以确定舒适范围。推文对有效温度的反应与先前研究中获得的非常相似，尽管舒适的峰值向冷应激转移。同样，推文对热湿指数的反应与先前的结果相似，但舒适的峰值向热应激转移。关于研究中的单个天气变量，获得的舒适范围与先前研究中的结果相似；特别是，温度舒适范围在 20-22°C 时完全匹配。因此，可以得出结论，推文可用于评估 HCOS；不仅该方法的结果与先前研究中的结果相当，而且该过程本身还显示出新的特征和意想不到的未来应用。
