Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea.
Department of Information, Communication and Technology Convergence, ICT Environment Convergence, Pyeongtaek University, Pyeongtaek 17869, Republic of Korea.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Jun 1;625:994-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.010. Epub 2018 Jan 5.
The present study assessed the indoor level of pesticide residue contamination at a total of 45 dwelling facilities in 5 cities of South Korea from June to November 2014. Pesticide residue contamination was assessed by measuring the frequency and concentration of chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, and cypermethrin residues in airborne particles, indoor dust, and surface wipes. A preparatory test showed a decreasing tendency in the concentrations of pesticide residues in indoor air over time: from 0.458 to 0.073mg/m in dichlorvos for 4weeks and from below 0.050mg/m to non-detection in the other substances for 2weeks. Then, pesticide residues were detected indoors 4weeks after outdoor chemical control, implying the infiltration of pesticide particles from outdoors. Airborne particles of dichlorvos were found at a higher level (74.4% of samples at a concentration of 0.053mg/m), whereas those of the other substances were detected at lower levels (6.1% at 0.002mg/m in chlorpyrifos and 9.4% at 0.022mg/m in cypermethrin). There was no consistent tendency in the indoor levels of pesticide residue contamination according to dwelling types or indoor height. The indoor levels of dichlorvos residue contamination were lower in industrial districts than in urban or rural districts: 63.9% and 0.013mg/m for airborne particles, 13.3% and 0.002μg/g for indoor dust, and 6.7% and 0.001mg/cm for surface wipes, respectively. There were no significant differences in the indoor levels of pesticide residue contamination between urban and rural districts. The current study found that most dwelling facilities managed their indoor levels of pesticide residue contamination below permissible exposure limit (PEL, 1.0mg/m) or threshold limit value (TVL, 0.1mg/m), whereas some facilities did not. So, we suggest that certain guidelines should be drawn up regarding the indoor environment management.
本研究于 2014 年 6 月至 11 月期间在韩国 5 个城市的 45 个住宅设施中评估了室内农药残留污染水平。通过测量空气中颗粒、室内灰尘和表面擦拭物中氯菊酯、敌敌畏和氯氰菊酯残留的频率和浓度来评估农药残留污染。预备试验显示，室内空气中农药残留浓度随时间呈下降趋势：敌敌畏在 4 周内从 0.458 降至 0.073mg/m，其他物质在 2 周内从低于 0.050mg/m降至未检出。然后，在室外化学防治后 4 周检测到室内有农药残留，表明室外的农药颗粒渗透进来。空气中的敌敌畏颗粒含量较高（74.4%的样本浓度为 0.053mg/m），而其他物质的含量较低（氯菊酯为 0.002mg/m，6.1%；氯氰菊酯为 0.022mg/m，9.4%）。根据住宅类型或室内高度，室内农药残留污染水平没有一致的趋势。工业区域的空气中敌敌畏残留污染水平低于城市或农村区域：空气中颗粒为 63.9%和 0.013mg/m，室内灰尘为 13.3%和 0.002μg/g，表面擦拭物为 6.7%和 0.001mg/cm。城市和农村区域的室内农药残留污染水平没有显著差异。本研究发现，大多数住宅设施将其室内农药残留污染水平控制在允许接触限值（PEL，1.0mg/m）或阈限值（TVL，0.1mg/m）以下，而有些设施没有。因此，我们建议制定关于室内环境管理的某些准则。
