Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, UP, 202002, India.
Sci Rep. 2021 Apr 15;11(1):8300. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-87799-3.
Bioallethrin is a synthetic pesticide that is widely used to control insect pests. The wide use of bioallethrin has resulted in inevitable human exposure. In this study we report the effect of different concentrations of bioallethrin (10 to 200 µM, 2 h at 37 °C) on human lymphocytes under in vitro conditions. Bioallethrin treatment resulted in loss of cell viability (> 30% at 200 µM bioallethrin). Oxidative stress markers like lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were significantly increased accompanied by lower ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. Enhanced ROS generation was observed through fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy. Bioallethrin-induced oxidative stress also compromised the antioxidant defence as it reduced antioxidant capacity of cells and inhibited major antioxidant enzymes. Biomolecular modifications and systemic toxicity by bioallethrin resulted in plasma membrane damage with mitochondrial depolarization. Comet assay showed nuclear DNA fragmentation and strand scission with significant increase in tail length and olive tail moment. Apoptosis and necrosis of cells was confirmed through acridine orange/ethidium bromide dual staining and visualization under fluorescence microscope. Thus, bioallethrin causes oxidative damage and compromises the antioxidant system leading to DNA damage, cellular and organelle toxicity, resulting in apoptosis and necrosis of human lymphocytes.
生物丙烯菊酯是一种合成农药，广泛用于控制害虫。生物丙烯菊酯的广泛使用不可避免地导致了人类接触。在这项研究中，我们报告了在体外条件下，不同浓度的生物丙烯菊酯（10 到 200µM，37°C 下 2 小时）对人淋巴细胞的影响。生物丙烯菊酯处理导致细胞活力丧失（在 200µM 生物丙烯菊酯下超过 30%）。氧化应激标志物如脂质过氧化和蛋白质氧化明显增加，同时还原型谷胱甘肽与氧化型谷胱甘肽的比例降低。通过荧光光谱和显微镜观察到增强的 ROS 生成。生物丙烯菊酯诱导的氧化应激还破坏了抗氧化防御系统，因为它降低了细胞的抗氧化能力并抑制了主要的抗氧化酶。生物丙烯菊酯引起的生物分子修饰和全身毒性导致质膜损伤和线粒体去极化。彗星试验显示核 DNA 片段化和链断裂，尾巴长度和橄榄尾矩显著增加。通过吖啶橙/溴化乙锭双重染色和荧光显微镜下的可视化证实了细胞凋亡和坏死。因此，生物丙烯菊酯会导致氧化损伤，并破坏抗氧化系统，导致 DNA 损伤、细胞和细胞器毒性，从而导致人淋巴细胞凋亡和坏死。
