Centre of Reproduction Development and Aging, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jul 10;19(7):2006. doi: 10.3390/ijms19072006.
Nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted unequivocal attention in recent years due to their potential applications in therapeutics, bio-imaging and material sciences. For drug delivery, NP-based carrier systems offer several advantages over conventional methods. When conjugated with ligands and drugs (or other therapeutic molecules), administrated NPs are able to deliver cargo to targeted sites through ligand-receptor recognition. Such targeted delivery is especially important in cancer therapy. Through this targeted cancer nanotherapy, cancer cells are killed with higher specificity, while the healthy cells are spared. Furthermore, NP drug delivery leads to improved drug load, enhanced drug solubility and stability, and controlled drug release. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a superfamily of cell transmembrane receptors. They regulate a plethora of physiological processes through ligand-receptor-binding-induced signaling transduction. With recent evidence unveiling their roles in cancer, GPCR agonists and antagonists have quickly become new targets in cancer therapy. This review focuses on the application of some notable nanomaterials, such as dendrimers, quantum dots, gold nanoparticles, and magnetic nanoparticles, in GPCR-related cancers.
近年来，由于纳米粒子（NPs）在治疗学、生物成像和材料科学中的潜在应用，它们引起了人们的极大关注。对于药物输送，基于 NP 的载体系统相对于传统方法具有多个优势。当与配体和药物（或其他治疗分子）结合时，给药的 NPs 能够通过配体-受体识别将货物递送到靶向部位。这种靶向递药在癌症治疗中尤为重要。通过这种靶向癌症纳米治疗，癌细胞的杀伤具有更高的特异性，而健康细胞则免受伤害。此外，NP 药物递送可提高药物载量、增强药物溶解度和稳定性，并控制药物释放。G 蛋白偶联受体（GPCRs）是细胞跨膜受体的超家族。它们通过配体-受体结合诱导的信号转导来调节大量的生理过程。最近有证据揭示了它们在癌症中的作用，GPCR 激动剂和拮抗剂已迅速成为癌症治疗的新靶点。本综述重点介绍了一些著名的纳米材料在 GPCR 相关癌症中的应用，如树突状聚合物、量子点、金纳米粒子和磁性纳米粒子。
