Elbasyoni Ibrahim S, Morsy Sabah M, Ramamurthy Raghuprakash K, Nassar Atef M
Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt.
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Plants (Basel). 2018 Jul 11;7(3):56. doi: 10.3390/plants7030056.
Sustaining wheat production under low-input conditions through development and identifying genotypes with enhanced nutritional quality are two current concerns of wheat breeders. Wheat grain total protein content, to no small extent, determines the economic and nutritive value of wheat. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to identify accessions with high and low grain protein content (GPC) under well-watered and water-deficit growth conditions and to locate genomic regions that contribute to GPC accumulation. Spring wheat grains obtained from 2111 accessions that were grown under well-watered and water-deficit conditions were assessed for GPC using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). Results indicated significant influences of moisture, genotype, and genotype × environment interaction on the GPC accumulation. Furthermore, genotypes exhibited a wide range of variation for GPC, indicating the presence of high levels of genetic variability among the studied accessions. Around 366 (166 with high GPC and 200 with low GPC) wheat genotypes performed relatively the same across environments, which implies that GPC accumulation in these genotypes was less responsive to water deficit. Genome-wide association mapping results indicated that seven single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were linked with GPC under well-watered growth conditions, while another six SNPs were linked with GPC under water-deficit conditions only. Moreover, 10 SNPs were linked with GPC under both well-watered and water-deficit conditions. These results emphasize the importance of using diverse, worldwide germplasm to dissect the genetic architecture of GPC in wheat and identify accessions that might be potential parents for high GPC in wheat breeding programs.
通过培育和鉴定营养品质优良的基因型来维持低投入条件下的小麦生产，是当前小麦育种者关注的两个问题。小麦籽粒总蛋白含量在很大程度上决定了小麦的经济价值和营养价值。因此，本研究的目的是在水分充足和水分亏缺的生长条件下，鉴定籽粒蛋白含量（GPC）高和低的种质，并定位有助于GPC积累的基因组区域。利用近红外光谱（NIR）对在水分充足和水分亏缺条件下种植的2111份种质收获的春小麦籽粒进行了GPC评估。结果表明，水分、基因型以及基因型×环境互作对GPC积累有显著影响。此外，不同基因型的GPC表现出广泛的变异，表明在所研究的种质中存在高水平的遗传变异性。约366份（166份GPC高和200份GPC低）小麦基因型在不同环境下表现相对一致，这意味着这些基因型中GPC的积累对水分亏缺的响应较小。全基因组关联图谱分析结果表明，在水分充足的生长条件下，7个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）与GPC相关联，而在水分亏缺条件下，另有6个SNP仅与GPC相关联。此外，在水分充足和水分亏缺条件下，均有10个SNP与GPC相关联。这些结果强调了利用多样的全球种质来剖析小麦GPC的遗传结构以及鉴定可能成为小麦育种计划中高GPC潜在亲本的种质的重要性。
