The copper IUD is acceptable to use during breastfeeding as a long-term contraceptive. It has been studied extensively during lactation in comparison with other forms of contraception and does not affect lactation performance or the milk copper concentration. Insertion of the device should be either in the first 48 hours after delivery or after 4 weeks postpartum. Breastfeeding may increase the risk of uterine perforation compared with those not breastfeeding at the time of IUD insertion; however, the absolute risk of perforation is low regardless of breastfeeding status.[1] The copper IUD is considered to be the most effective emergency contraceptive when inserted up to 5 days after unprotected intercourse.[2]
铜宫内节育器作为一种长效避孕方法，在哺乳期使用是可以接受的。与其他避孕方式相比，它在哺乳期已得到广泛研究，且不影响泌乳情况或乳汁中的铜浓度。对于正在哺乳的女性，应在产后4周后放置该装置。一项荟萃分析发现，哺乳期母亲放置宫内节育器时发生子宫穿孔的可能性比非哺乳期女性高6至10倍，但哺乳期母亲的节育器排出风险并不更高。[1] 一项更近的前瞻性研究发现，哺乳期妇女宫内节育器排出风险略有增加，[2] 美国妇产科医师学会建议告知女性，产后立即放置节育器的排出率可能高于稍晚放置。[3] 无保护性交后5天内放置铜宫内节育器被认为是最有效的紧急避孕方法。[4]
Zotero 插件