Political Science and Public Administration School, Shandong University, Qingdao 266000, China.
Center for Crisis Management Research, School of Public Policy & Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 12;15(7):1473. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071473.
China's environmental problems have long been criticized. The Communist Party of China (CPC) and the government have increasingly paid attention to developing environmental protection and included the construction of an ecological civilization in the "Five-in-One" development strategy. The improvement of regional eco-efficiency is an important way to realize the coordinated development of the entire society, and environmental policy instruments are a powerful means to enhance regional eco-efficiency. This paper categorizes environmental policy instruments into mandatory, hybrid, and voluntary types. Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2015, the paper discusses the impact of environmental policy instruments on regional eco-efficiency and the means of the impact. The research shows that (1) mandatory and hybrid environmental policy instruments play a significant role in promoting regional eco-efficiency, while the role of voluntary instruments is not significant in promoting regional eco-efficiency; (2) hybrid and mandatory environmental policy instruments have negative interactions; and (3) the level of economic development will positively affect the role of hybrid environmental policy instruments in promoting regional eco-efficiency but negatively affect the role of mandatory instruments in promoting regional efficiency.
中国的环境问题一直饱受诟病。中国共产党和政府越来越重视发展环境保护，并将生态文明建设纳入“五位一体”发展战略。提高区域生态效率是实现全社会协调发展的重要途径，环境政策工具是增强区域生态效率的有力手段。本文将环境政策工具分为强制性、混合性和自愿性三种类型。基于 2005 年至 2015 年中国 31 个省的面板数据，本文探讨了环境政策工具对区域生态效率的影响及其作用途径。研究表明：（1）强制性和混合性环境政策工具对促进区域生态效率具有显著作用，而自愿性工具在促进区域生态效率方面作用不显著；（2）混合性和强制性环境政策工具存在负向交互作用；（3）经济发展水平将正向影响混合性环境政策工具促进区域生态效率的作用，但负向影响强制性工具促进区域效率的作用。
