School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
J Environ Manage. 2021 Feb 15;280:111840. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111840. Epub 2020 Dec 23.
The Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) program has provided policy innovation for global environmental affairs. China, the largest developing country in the world, is also faced with serious environmental problems. China developed a unique environmental policy - ecological compensation (Eco-compensation), which combined the flexibility of the PES mechanism with efficient government management. The paper studies the efficiency of eco-compensation policy in a large-scale region and the stability of policy in a long-time. We use the counterfactual method - Synthetic Control Method (SCM) to analyze the eco-compensation policy. Zhejiang province, China, which is the first province to implement Eco-compensation policy, chose as study case. We run several robustness checks to discuss the influence of other factors, including economy, politics and geology. The result shows that the eco-compensation policy improve the region's environment significantly. And it never has negative impact for the economy of Zhejiang. We discuss some experiences and challenges of this policy. The paper thinks that localization and the hybrid of government and market could provide successful experience for this policy.
支付生态系统服务（PES）计划为全球环境事务提供了政策创新。作为世界上最大的发展中国家，中国也面临着严重的环境问题。中国制定了一项独特的环境政策——生态补偿（Eco-compensation），将 PES 机制的灵活性与高效的政府管理相结合。本文研究了大规模区域生态补偿政策的效率和长期政策的稳定性。我们使用反事实方法——合成控制法（SCM）来分析生态补偿政策。中国第一个实施生态补偿政策的浙江省被选为研究案例。我们进行了几次稳健性检验，以讨论包括经济、政治和地质在内的其他因素的影响。结果表明，生态补偿政策显著改善了该地区的环境。而且，它对浙江的经济从未产生负面影响。我们还讨论了该政策的一些经验和挑战。本文认为，本土化和政府与市场的融合可以为该政策提供成功经验。
