Hohl Sarah, Thompson Beti, Escareño Monica, Duggan Catherine
Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Department of Health Services, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2016 Jul;20(7):1549-57. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-1954-8.
Objectives To examine perceptions, experiences, and attitudes towards breastfeeding among Hispanic women living in rural Washington State. Methods Twenty parous Hispanic women of low acculturation, aged 25-48 years and residents in rural Washington State participated in an exploratory, face-to-face interview. Interviews were audio-recorded, translated and transcribed, and analyzed using a thematic content analysis approach. Results Nine emergent themes were grouped into three overarching categories: (1) Breast is best; (2) Hispanic cultural and familial expectations to breastfeed; and (3) Adapting to life in the United States: cultural norms in conflict. Women said they were motivated to breastfeed because of their knowledge and observations of its health benefits for mother and child. They said breastfeeding is ingrained in their Hispanic cultural heritage, and infant feeding choices of female family members were particularly influential in women's own decision to breastfeed. Women said they experienced embarrassment about breastfeeding in the United States and as a result, often chose to initiate formula feeding as a complement so as to avoid feelings of shame. Additionally, they faced economic pressure to work, key barriers for continued breastfeeding among Hispanics in the United States. Conclusions for Practice Knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding for mother and child and longstanding cultural practices of breastfeeding are not enough to encourage exclusive breastfeeding to 6 months among this rural Hispanic population. Continued support through family-level interventions as well as work place policies that encourage breastfeeding are needed for rural Hispanics to reach optimal breastfeeding rates.
目标 研究居住在华盛顿州农村地区的西班牙裔女性对母乳喂养的看法、经历和态度。方法 20名低文化适应程度、年龄在25 - 48岁之间且居住在华盛顿州农村的经产妇参与了一次探索性的面对面访谈。访谈进行了录音、翻译和转录，并采用主题内容分析方法进行分析。结果 九个新出现的主题被归为三个总体类别：（1）母乳是最好的；（2）西班牙裔文化和家庭对母乳喂养的期望；（3）适应美国生活：文化规范的冲突。女性表示，她们因了解并观察到母乳喂养对母婴的健康益处而有动力进行母乳喂养。她们说母乳喂养深深扎根于她们的西班牙裔文化传统中，女性家庭成员的婴儿喂养选择对她们自己的母乳喂养决定尤其有影响。女性表示，她们在美国因母乳喂养而感到尴尬，因此，往往选择开始补充配方奶喂养以避免羞耻感。此外，她们面临工作的经济压力，这是美国西班牙裔持续母乳喂养的关键障碍。实践结论 了解母乳喂养对母婴的益处以及长期的母乳喂养文化习俗不足以鼓励这一农村西班牙裔人群纯母乳喂养至6个月。农村西班牙裔要达到最佳母乳喂养率，需要通过家庭层面的干预以及鼓励母乳喂养的工作场所政策持续提供支持。
