Department of Educational and Family studies, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; CSI Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
CSI Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Institute for Brain and Behavior Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.
Schizophr Res. 2018 Dec;202:361-368. doi: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.06.065. Epub 2018 Jul 10.
Patients with schizophrenia show reduced cooperation and less sensitivity to social cues in pairwise interactions, however, it remains unclear whether these mechanisms are also present in interactions within social groups. We used a public goods game to investigate cooperation and sensitivity to social feedback in group interactions in 27 patients with schizophrenia and 27 healthy controls. Participants played 40 trials in two conditions: 1) no fine (20 trials): participants had the choice of investing into the public good (i.e. cooperating) or not (i.e. defecting), 2) fine (20 trials): participants had the same choice but defectors could be punished by the other players. On the first trial, patients invested less in the public good than healthy controls. In the no fine condition, controls decreased their investments over time, but patients did not. The possibility of being fined for defecting and actually being fined led to significantly higher cooperation in both groups. This shows that the groups were equally sensitive to social enforcement and social feedback. Our findings suggest that patients tend to approach social group interactions with less cooperative behaviour, which could contribute to social dysfunction in daily-life. However, an intact sensitivity to social enforcement and feedback indicates that patients can adjust their behaviour accordingly in group interactions.
精神分裂症患者在两人互动中表现出合作减少和对社会线索的敏感性降低，但尚不清楚这些机制是否也存在于群体互动中。我们使用公共物品博弈来研究 27 名精神分裂症患者和 27 名健康对照组在群体互动中的合作和对社会反馈的敏感性。参与者在两种条件下进行了 40 次试验：1）无罚款（20 次试验）：参与者可以选择投资于公共物品（即合作）或不投资（即背叛）；2）罚款（20 次试验）：参与者有相同的选择，但背叛者可以被其他玩家惩罚。在第一次试验中，患者的公共物品投资低于健康对照组。在无罚款的情况下，对照组随着时间的推移减少了投资，但患者没有。因背叛而被罚款的可能性以及实际上被罚款导致两组的合作显著增加。这表明两组对社会执行和社会反馈同样敏感。我们的发现表明，患者在进行社交群体互动时往往表现出合作行为较少，这可能导致日常生活中的社交功能障碍。然而，对社会执行和反馈的敏感性完好无损表明，患者可以在群体互动中相应地调整自己的行为。
