Oliveira Karen Jesus, Chiamolera Maria Isabel, Giannocco Gisele, Pazos-Moura Carmen Cabanelas, Ortiga-Carvalho Tania Maria
Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina e Metabologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Disciplina de Endocrinologia e Metabologia, Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular e Translacional, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
J Mol Endocrinol. 2019 Jan;62(1):R1-R19. doi: 10.1530/JME-18-0081.
The modern concept of thyroid disruptors includes synthetic chemicals and bioactive compounds from food that interfere with any aspect of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, thyroid hormone biosynthesis and secretion, blood and transmembrane transport, metabolism and local actions of thyroid hormones. This review highlights relevant disruptors that affect populations through their diet: directly from food itself (fish oil and polyunsaturated fatty acids, pepper, coffee, cinnamon and resveratrol/grapes), through vegetable cultivation (pesticides) and from containers for food storage and cooking (bisphenol A, phthalates and polybrominated diphenyl ethers). Due to the vital role of thyroid hormones during every stage of life, we review effects from the gestational period to adulthood, including evidence from in vitro studies, rodent models, human trials and epidemiological studies.
甲状腺干扰物的现代概念包括来自食物的合成化学物质和生物活性化合物，它们会干扰下丘脑-垂体-甲状腺轴、甲状腺激素生物合成与分泌、血液及跨膜运输、甲状腺激素代谢及局部作用的任何方面。本综述重点介绍了通过饮食影响人群的相关干扰物：直接来自食物本身（鱼油和多不饱和脂肪酸、胡椒、咖啡、肉桂和白藜芦醇/葡萄）、通过蔬菜种植（农药）以及来自食品储存和烹饪容器（双酚A、邻苯二甲酸盐和多溴二苯醚）。由于甲状腺激素在生命的每个阶段都起着至关重要的作用，我们综述了从妊娠期到成年期的影响，包括来自体外研究、啮齿动物模型、人体试验和流行病学研究的证据。
