Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Department of Otolaryngology of the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
Environ Res. 2018 Nov;167:42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Jul 5.
Ozone is a ubiquitous and irritant gas. We questioned whether an acute exposure to 0.2 ppm ozone impaired olfactory functioning.
Healthy, normosmic subjects were exposed according to a parallel group design either to 0.2 ppm ozone (n = 15) or to sham (n = 13) in an exposure chamber for two hours. Possible irritating effects were assessed by questionnaire (range 0-5). The detection threshold of n-butanol was measured with the Sniffin' Sticks test before and after exposure. Olfactory thresholds were logarithmized and a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measurements was carried out to test the effects of exposure (ozone vs. sham) and time (before vs. after exposure). Additionally, nasal secretions were taken at a preliminary examination and after exposure to determine interleukins 1ß and 8.
No irritating effects to the upper airways were observed. In the ozone group, the median score for cough increased from 0 to 2 at the end of exposure (sham group 0 and 0, respectively, p < 0.001). The ANOVA showed a main effect for ozone exposure (F (1, 26) = 27.6, p = 0.0002), indicating higher olfactory thresholds in the ozone group. Concentrations of interleukins in nasal secretions did not increase following ozone exposure.
This study shows a clear impairment of olfactory functioning following an acute exposure to 0.2 ppm ozone.
臭氧是一种无处不在且具有刺激性的气体。我们想知道，急性暴露于 0.2ppm 臭氧是否会损害嗅觉功能。
按照平行组设计，健康、嗅觉正常的受试者在暴露室内分别暴露于 0.2ppm 臭氧（n=15）或假暴露（n=13）2 小时。通过问卷（范围 0-5）评估可能的刺激性影响。使用 Sniffin' Sticks 测试在暴露前后测量正丁醇的检测阈值。嗅觉阈值取对数，进行双因素重复测量方差分析（ANOVA），以检验暴露（臭氧与假暴露）和时间（暴露前后）的影响。此外，在初步检查和暴露后采集鼻分泌物，以确定白细胞介素 1β和 8。
未观察到对上呼吸道的刺激性影响。在臭氧组中，咳嗽的中位数评分在暴露结束时从 0 增加到 2（假暴露组分别为 0 和 0，p<0.001）。方差分析显示臭氧暴露有主要影响（F（1,26）=27.6，p=0.0002），表明臭氧组的嗅觉阈值较高。臭氧暴露后鼻分泌物中的白细胞介素浓度没有增加。
本研究表明，急性暴露于 0.2ppm 臭氧会明显损害嗅觉功能。
