Piłat Paweł, Borzęcki Adam, Jazienicki Mieczysław, Krasowska Dorota
Chair and Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Paediatric Dermatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
Non-Public Health Care Centre Med-Laser, Lublin, Poland.
Postepy Dermatol Alergol. 2018 Jun;35(3):238-242. doi: 10.5114/ada.2018.76211. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Melanoma is one of the most unpredictable tumours, as regards both morphology and the course of disease. It may have different clinical forms making it very difficult to diagnose. Therefore, it often surprises even the most experienced dermatologists. Despite numerous attempts, no efficient treatment of advanced stages have been elaborated, and early detection and removal of a skin lesion currently constitutes the most efficient treatment method. Diagnostics uses different types of dermoscopic techniques characterised by considerable sensitivity and specificity in detecting melanoma at an early developmental stage. A continuous development of medical technologies leads to improving many methods of skin lesion imaging. Ultrasonography is one of these methods, enabling evaluation of the thickness of melanoma with high precision. Change thickness is the decisive factor influencing 5-year survival. The paper evaluates the usefulness of high-frequency ultrasonography (HFUS) in pre-operative melanoma imaging on the basis of literature review. Additionally, the use, role and placement of HFUS in skin melanoma diagnostics is determined.
黑色素瘤是最不可预测的肿瘤之一，在形态学和疾病进程方面均是如此。它可能有不同的临床形式，这使得诊断非常困难。因此，即使是最有经验的皮肤科医生也常常感到惊讶。尽管进行了无数次尝试，但尚未制定出针对晚期黑色素瘤的有效治疗方法，目前早期发现并切除皮肤病变是最有效的治疗方法。诊断采用不同类型的皮肤镜检查技术，这些技术在早期检测黑色素瘤时具有相当高的敏感性和特异性。医疗技术的不断发展促使许多皮肤病变成像方法得到改进。超声检查就是其中一种方法，它能够高精度地评估黑色素瘤的厚度。厚度变化是影响5年生存率的决定性因素。本文通过文献综述评估高频超声（HFUS）在黑色素瘤术前成像中的实用性。此外，还确定了HFUS在皮肤黑色素瘤诊断中的应用、作用和放置位置。
