Garrido Pilar, Aldaz Azucena, Calleja Miguel Ángel, de Álava Enrique, Lamas María Jesús, Martín Miguel, Matías-Guiu Xavier, Palacios José, Vera Ruth
Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, IRYCIS, Universidad de Alcalá, Madrid, España.
Servicio de Farmacia, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Grupo de trabajo PkGen de la SEFH, Pamplona, España.
Rev Esp Patol. 2018 Jul-Sep;51(3):154-159. doi: 10.1016/j.patol.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Nov 15.
Precision medicine is an emerging approach to the prevention and treatment of disease that takes into account variability in genes, environment and lifestyle for each individual. Precision medicine is transforming clinical and biomedical research, as well as health care itself, from a conceptual, as well as a methodological viewpoint, providing extraordinary opportunities to improve public health and lower the costs of the healthcare system. However, the implementation of precision medicine poses ethical-legal, regulatory, organizational and knowledge-related challenges. Without a national strategy, precision medicine -which eventually will be implemented one way or another- could take place without the appropriate planning to guarantee technical quality and equal access to the best practices for all citizens, thus violating the rights of patients and professionals as well as jeopardizing the solvency of the healthcare system. This paper from the Spanish Societies of Medical Oncology (SEOM), Pathology (SEAP) and Hospital Pharmacy (SEFH), highlights the need to institute a consensual national strategy for the development of precision medicine in our country, reviews the national and international context, comments on the opportunities and challenges for implementing precision medicine and outlines the objectives of a national strategy on precision medicine in cancer.
精准医学是一种新兴的疾病预防与治疗方法，它考虑到了每个人在基因、环境和生活方式方面的差异。从概念和方法的角度来看，精准医学正在改变临床和生物医学研究以及医疗保健本身，为改善公众健康和降低医疗保健系统成本提供了绝佳机遇。然而，精准医学的实施带来了伦理法律、监管、组织和知识相关的挑战。如果没有国家战略，精准医学（最终无论如何都会得以实施）可能在没有适当规划的情况下开展，无法保证技术质量以及所有公民平等获得最佳医疗实践的机会，从而侵犯患者和专业人员的权利，危及医疗保健系统的偿付能力。来自西班牙医学肿瘤学会（SEOM）、病理学学会（SEAP）和医院药学学会（SEFH）的这篇论文强调了在我国制定一项关于精准医学发展的共识性国家战略的必要性，回顾了国内和国际背景，评论了实施精准医学的机遇与挑战，并概述了癌症精准医学国家战略的目标。
