Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, P.O. Box 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main St, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Environ Int. 2018 Oct;119:413-420. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.07.013. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Despite evidence from toxicological studies describing the potential neurotoxicity of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), their role in neurodevelopment remains uncertain amid inconsistent findings from epidemiological studies.
Using data from 218 mother-child dyads from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, we examined prenatal and childhood (3 and 8 years) serum concentrations of four PFAS and inattention, impulsivity, and visual spatial abilities. At 8 years, we used the Conners' Continuous Performance Test-II to assess attention and impulse control and the Virtual Morris Water Maze (VMWM) to measure visual spatial abilities.
In multiple informant models, there was no evidence to indicate that prenatal or childhood PFAS are associated with attention. However, there was an inverse association between prenatal ln-perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and errors of commission (β = -2.0, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] -3.8, -0.3). Ln-perfluorononanoate (PFNA) at 3 years was associated with longer (poorer) VMWM completion times of 3.6 seconds (CI 1.6, 5.6). However, higher concurrent concentrations of ln-perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) (β = -2.4 s, 95% CI -4.4, -0.3) were associated with shorter (better) times. Higher prenatal PFHxS was positively associated with percentage of traveling distance in the correct quadrant (β = 4.2%, 95% CI 0.8, 7.7), indicating better performance.
Findings were mixed for prenatal and childhood PFAS concentrations and visual spatial abilities. There is not enough evidence to support that PFAS are associated with visual spatial abilities as assessed by the VMWM or CPT-II measures of inattention or impulsivity in children at age 8 years.
尽管毒理学研究提供了有关全氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 潜在神经毒性的证据，但由于流行病学研究的结果不一致，其在神经发育中的作用仍不确定。
我们使用来自健康结果和环境测量研究的 218 对母婴对子的数据，研究了四种 PFAS 的产前和儿童期（3 岁和 8 岁）血清浓度与注意力不集中、冲动和视觉空间能力的关系。在 8 岁时，我们使用康纳斯连续性能测试 II 评估注意力和冲动控制，使用虚拟莫里斯水迷宫 (VMWM) 测量视觉空间能力。
在多信息源模型中，没有证据表明产前或儿童期 PFAS 与注意力有关。然而，产前 ln-全氟辛烷酸 (PFOA) 与错误的commission 之间呈负相关（β= -2.0，95%置信区间 [CI] -3.8，-0.3）。3 岁时的 ln-全氟壬酸 (PFNA) 与更长（更差）的 VMWM 完成时间相关，为 3.6 秒（CI 1.6，5.6）。然而，更高的同时存在的 ln-全氟己烷磺酸 (PFHxS) 浓度（β= -2.4 s，95% CI -4.4，-0.3）与更短（更好）的时间相关。产前 PFHxS 与正确象限的旅行距离百分比呈正相关（β= 4.2%，95% CI 0.8，7.7），表明表现更好。
产前和儿童期 PFAS 浓度与视觉空间能力的相关性结果不一致。没有足够的证据支持 PFAS 与 8 岁儿童的 VMWM 或 CPT-II 评估的注意力不集中或冲动有关。
