School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Product Safety, Anhui, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Safety Risk Evaluation (Hefei), Ministry of Agriculture, Hefei 230031, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Nov 1;640-641:1578-1586. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.424. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Honeybees, as major pollinators, make vital contributions to humans and ecosystems. Worryingly, a phenomenon known as honeybee colony losses has been reported in recent years. One of the factors underlying the occurrence of honeybee colony losses is exposure of honey bees to pesticide residues in their food, which cause detrimental sublethal effects and may lead to the collapse of their colonies. In this paper, 189 pollen samples and 226 beebread samples collected from five major beekeeping areas in China were analyzed from spring 2016 to autumn 2017. The most common active ingredient residues found include the insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, fenpropathrin, bifenthrin and chlorpyrifos), the acaricides (coumaphos and fluvalinate) and the fungicides (carbendazim and triadimefon). Our data shows that the residual level of three chemicals (i.e. imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and chlorpyrifos) was higher in pollen than in beebread. Moreover, contamination of pollen and beebread was most serious in spring and in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Area of China. Our data lay the foundation for the risk assessment of pesticides on honeybees in China.
蜜蜂作为主要的传粉媒介，对人类和生态系统做出了重要贡献。令人担忧的是，近年来出现了一种被称为蜜蜂群损失的现象。导致蜜蜂群损失的一个因素是蜜蜂在食物中接触到农药残留，这些残留会造成有害的亚致死影响，并可能导致它们的蜂群崩溃。本文分析了 2016 年春季至 2017 年秋季从中国五个主要养蜂区采集的 189 份花粉样本和 226 份蜂粮样本。发现的最常见的活性成分残留包括杀虫剂（吡虫啉、噻虫嗪、甲氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和毒死蜱）、杀螨剂（残杀威和氟氯苯菊酯）和杀菌剂（多菌灵和三唑酮）。我们的数据表明，三种化学物质（即吡虫啉、噻虫嗪和毒死蜱）在花粉中的残留水平高于蜂粮。此外，花粉和蜂粮的污染在中国春季和黄河中下游地区最为严重。我们的数据为中国蜜蜂的农药风险评估奠定了基础。
