Forsyth Paul, Warren Alison, Thomson Clare, Bateman Joanne, Greenwood Elizabeth, Williams Helen, Khatib Rani, Hadland Rocco, McGlynn Steve, Khan Nazish, Duggan Catherine, Beezer Janine
West Glasgow Ambulatory Care Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde, Glasgow, UK.
Brighton and Sussex University Hospitals NHS Trust, Brighton and Hove Clinical Commissioning Group, Brighton, UK.
Int J Pharm Pract. 2019 Oct;27(5):424-435. doi: 10.1111/ijpp.12465. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
Heart failure is an escalating 'pandemic' with malignant outcomes. Clinical pharmacist heart failure services have been developing for the past two decades. However, little clarity is available on the additional advanced knowledge, skills and experience needed for pharmacists to practice safely and competently. We aimed to provide an expert consensus on the minimum competencies necessary for clinical pharmacists to deliver appropriate care to patients with heart failure.
There were four methodological parts; (1) establishing a project group from experts in the field; (2) review of the literature, including existing pharmacy competency frameworks in other specialities and previous heart failure curricula from other professions; (3) consensus building, including developing, reviewing and adapting the contents of the framework; and (4) write-up and dissemination to widen the impact of the project.
The final framework defines minimum competencies relevant to heart failure for four different potential levels of specialism: all pharmacists regardless of role (Stage 1); all patient-facing clinical pharmacists (Stage 2); clinical pharmacists with specific planned roles in the care of heart failure patients (Stage 3); and regionally/nationally/internationally recognised expert pharmacists with a direct specialism in heart failure (Stage 4).
The framework delivers the vital first step needed to help standardise care, give pharmacists a blueprint for career progression and continuing professional development and bring clarity to the role of the pharmacist. Future collaboration between professional bodies and training providers is needed to develop structured programmes to align with the framework and facilitate training and resultant accreditation.
心力衰竭是一种后果严重且呈上升趋势的“大流行病”。在过去二十年中，临床药师心力衰竭服务一直在发展。然而，对于药师安全且胜任地开展工作所需的额外的先进知识、技能和经验，目前还了解甚少。我们旨在就临床药师为心力衰竭患者提供适当护理所需的最低能力达成专家共识。
有四个方法学部分；（1）组建一个由该领域专家组成的项目组；（2）文献综述，包括其他专业现有的药学能力框架以及其他专业先前的心力衰竭课程；（3）达成共识，包括制定、审查和调整框架内容；（4）撰写并传播以扩大项目的影响。
最终框架为四种不同潜在专业水平定义了与心力衰竭相关的最低能力：所有药师，无论其角色如何（第1阶段）；所有面向患者的临床药师（第2阶段）；在心力衰竭患者护理中具有特定规划角色的临床药师（第3阶段）；以及在心力衰竭方面具有直接专业特长的地区/国家/国际认可的专家药师（第4阶段）。
该框架迈出了至关重要的第一步，有助于实现护理标准化，为药师提供职业发展和持续专业发展的蓝图，并明确药师的角色。未来专业团体和培训提供者需要开展合作，以制定与该框架相一致的结构化项目，并促进培训及由此产生的认证。
