University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan; Interloop Limited, Khurrianwala, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), Faisalabad, Pakistan; Environmental Biotechnology Department, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Leipzig, Germany.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 Dec 15;645:966-973. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.163. Epub 2018 Jul 20.
A pilot-scale vertical flow constructed wetland (VFCWs) system was designed, implemented and operated for one year for the treatment of dye-rich real textile effluent. Brachiaria mutica was vegetated to develop VFCWs in which five different textile effluent degrading endophytic bacteria were inoculated. These bacteria were screened based on their dye degrading and plant growth promoting capabilities. The system's performance was evaluated by monitoring physicochemical parameters, nutrients removal, heavy metals reduction, detoxification potential, and persistence of endophytic bacteria in the plant rhizo- and endosphere. Although VFCWs were able to remove a majority of the pollutants from the wastewater, bacterial augmentation further enhanced the remediation efficiency. The system promoted an increase in dissolved oxygen up to 188% and, concomitantly, a substantial decrease in the chemical oxygen demand (81%), biochemical oxygen demand (72%), total dissolved solids (32%), color (74%), nitrogen (84%), phosphorous (79%), and heavy metals [Cr(97%), Fe(89%), Ni(88%), Cd(72%)] was recorded. Wastewater treated with VFCWs augmented with bacteria was found to be non-toxic and inoculated bacteria showed persistence in the root and shoot interior of B. mutica. Conclusively, VFCWs proved to be an effective methodology for treatment of textile effluent whereas its smaller size with high efficiency is an advantage for field-scale applications.
设计、实施和运行了一个为期一年的中试规模垂直流人工湿地（VFCWs）系统，用于处理富含染料的实际纺织废水。种植了象草以开发 VFCWs，并接种了五种不同的纺织废水降解内生细菌。这些细菌是根据其染料降解和促进植物生长的能力进行筛选的。通过监测物理化学参数、养分去除、重金属还原、解毒潜力和内生细菌在植物根际和根内的持久性来评估系统的性能。尽管 VFCWs 能够去除废水中的大部分污染物，但细菌的添加进一步提高了修复效率。该系统促进了溶解氧的增加，最高可达 188%，同时化学需氧量（81%）、生化需氧量（72%）、总溶解固体（32%）、颜色（74%）、氮（84%）、磷（79%）和重金属[Cr（97%）、Fe（89%）、Ni（88%）、Cd（72%）]的含量也大幅下降。用 VFCWs 处理并添加细菌的废水被证明是无毒的，接种的细菌在象草的根和茎内部保持持久。总之，VFCWs 被证明是一种处理纺织废水的有效方法，其较小的尺寸和高效率是现场应用的优势。
