Etana Ribika, Angassa Kenatu, Getu Tolesa
Department of Environmental Engineering, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Biotechnology and bioprocess Center of Excellence, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 16417, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 6;15(1):949. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79174-9.
Textile wastewater poses significant risks if discharged untreated, especially due to the presence of synthetic dyes, salts, and heavy metals. As a result, constructed wetlands have emerged as a promising solution for sustainable textile wastewater management. In this context, this study evaluates a micro-scale vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland (VSSFCW) for treating textile wastewater. Specifically, the experimental setup consisted of two microcosm units, each with a depth of 32 cm and a diameter of 24 cm, which were filled with scoria media. One unit was planted with Vetiver grass, while the other was left unplanted. Furthermore, the experiment was conducted with a hydraulic retention time of 3 days. Additionally, the scoria media was characterized using FTIR, SEM, XRD, CEC, and pH analyses, which revealed notable changes in both functional groups and surface morphology. The scoria was found to have a CEC of 12 meq/100 g and a pH of 8.86, both of which facilitated pollutant removal. Moreover, the textile wastewater that was fed into the VSSFCW systems contained dye concentrations ranging from 39.41 to 45.29 mg/L throughout the study period. As a result of this setup, the dye removal efficiency in both wetland cells increased over time. Notably, the VSSFCW planted with Vetiver grass achieved a higher dye removal efficiency (84%) compared to the unplanted system (80%). These findings, therefore, demonstrate that the VSSFCW consistently meets wastewater standards, representing a low-cost, decentralized solution to address textile pollution, especially in developing countries like Ethiopia. In conclusion, the synergy between the scoria media and Vetiver grass proved highly effective in treating textile wastewater.
纺织废水若未经处理就排放，会带来重大风险，尤其是由于其中存在合成染料、盐类和重金属。因此，人工湿地已成为可持续纺织废水管理的一种有前景的解决方案。在此背景下，本研究评估了一种用于处理纺织废水的微型垂直潜流人工湿地（VSSFCW）。具体而言，实验装置由两个微观单元组成，每个单元深度为32厘米，直径为24厘米，填充有火山渣介质。一个单元种植了香根草，另一个单元未种植。此外，实验在水力停留时间为3天的条件下进行。另外，通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、阳离子交换容量（CEC）和pH分析对火山渣介质进行了表征，结果显示官能团和表面形态都有显著变化。发现火山渣的阳离子交换容量为12毫克当量/100克，pH值为8.86，这两者都有助于污染物的去除。此外，在整个研究期间，输入VSSFCW系统的纺织废水染料浓度在39.41至45.29毫克/升之间。由于这种设置，两个湿地单元的染料去除效率都随时间增加。值得注意的是，种植香根草的VSSFCW与未种植的系统相比，实现了更高的染料去除效率（84%），而未种植系统的去除效率为80%。因此，这些发现表明VSSFCW始终符合废水标准，是一种低成本、分散式的解决纺织污染问题的方案，特别是在像埃塞俄比亚这样的发展中国家。总之，火山渣介质和香根草之间的协同作用在处理纺织废水方面被证明非常有效。
