Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
HELIX Competence Centre, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Jul 25;18(1):915. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5778-x.
Exhaustion and burnout are common causes for sickness absence. This study examines the relationship between psychological demands and burnout over time, and if environmental support modifies the longitudinal relationship between psychological demands and burnout at baseline, with burnout measured 2 years subsequently.
A questionnaire was sent to employees in seven Swedish organizations in 2010-2012 with follow-up after 2 years, n = 1722 responded (64%). Linear regressions were used to examine the associations between burnout and psychological demands at baseline and burnout at follow-up. Stratified regression models examined if relationships between burnout and psychological demands at baseline on burnout at follow-up differed for employees in supportive versus unsupportive work environments.
Burnout and psychological demands at baseline were associated with burnout at follow-up, after adjustment for study covariates. No significant differences were observed between estimates for psychological demands and burnout among respondents in supportive work environments versus those in unsupportive work environments.
This study shows that high demands are associated with greater risk of burnout, regardless of level of other work supports. This has implications for prevention of sick leave due to burnout and for rehabilitation, where demands such as work pace, workload and conflicting demands at work may need to be reduced.
疲劳和倦怠是缺勤的常见原因。本研究考察了心理需求与倦怠随时间的关系，以及环境支持是否会在基线时改变心理需求与倦怠之间的纵向关系，随后在 2 年后测量倦怠。
2010-2012 年期间，向瑞典 7 家组织的员工发送了一份问卷，2 年后进行了随访，共有 1722 人回复（64%）。线性回归用于检验基线时倦怠与心理需求之间的关系以及随访时的倦怠。分层回归模型检验了基线时倦怠与心理需求之间的关系是否因支持性和非支持性工作环境而异。
调整研究协变量后，基线时的倦怠和心理需求与随访时的倦怠相关。在支持性工作环境和非支持性工作环境中，受访者的心理需求和倦怠之间的估计值没有显著差异。
本研究表明，高需求与倦怠风险增加有关，无论其他工作支持水平如何。这对因倦怠导致的病假预防和康复都有影响，因为可能需要减少工作节奏、工作量和工作中的冲突需求等需求。
