Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2018 Dec;33:33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2018.07.006. Epub 2018 Jul 23.
Over the past decade the scientific community has experienced a new age of virus discovery in arthropods in general, and in insects in particular. Next generation sequencing and advanced bioinformatics tools have provided new insights about insect viromes and viral evolution. In this review, we discuss some high-throughput sequencing technologies used to discover viruses in insects and the challenges raised in data interpretations. Additionally, the discovery of these novel viruses that are considered as insect-specific viruses (ISVs) has gained increasing attention in their potential use as biological agents. As example, we show how the ISV Nhumirim virus was used to reduce West Nile virus transmission when co-infecting the mosquito vector. We also discuss new translational opportunities of using ISVs to limit insect vector competence by using them to interfere with pathogen acquisition, to directly target the insect vector or to confer pathogen resistance by the insect vector.
在过去的十年中，科学界在节肢动物、特别是昆虫中经历了一个新的病毒发现时代。下一代测序和先进的生物信息学工具为昆虫病毒组和病毒进化提供了新的见解。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于发现昆虫病毒的一些高通量测序技术以及在数据解释中提出的挑战。此外，这些被认为是昆虫特异性病毒（ISVs）的新型病毒的发现，因其作为生物制剂的潜在用途而受到越来越多的关注。例如，我们展示了 Nhumirim 病毒如何在感染蚊子媒介时共同感染来减少西尼罗河病毒的传播。我们还讨论了利用 ISVs 通过干扰病原体的获取、直接针对昆虫媒介或通过昆虫媒介赋予病原体抗性来限制昆虫媒介能力的新转化机会。
