Zullian Chiara, Dodelet-Devillers Aurore, Roy Stéphane, Vachon Pascal
Département de Biomédecine Vétérinaire, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe,
Département de Stomatologie, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Vet Med (Auckl). 2016 Jan 5;7:1-7. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S96761. eCollection 2016.
The Mexican axolotl () is a unique research model in several fields of medicine, where surgical and invasive procedures may be required. As yet, little is known about the efficacy of MS222 (tricaine methanesulfonate), which is the most commonly used anesthetic agent in amphibians. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the anesthetic effects and physiological changes in adult axolotls following a 20-minute immersion bath, containing progressive MS222 concentrations starting at 0.1%. Depth of anesthesia and physiological changes were evaluated every 15 minutes post-MS222 exposure with the following parameters: righting behavior, withdrawal reflex, acetic acid test response, heart rate, and blood oxygen saturation, as well as cloacal and body surface temperatures. A 20-minute exposure in a 0.1% MS222 immersion bath (n=6 animals) had no anesthetic effects on adult axolotls after 20 minutes of exposure. With a 0.2% MS222 solution, all axolotls (n=9) were deeply anesthetized at 15 minutes, and 80% were still unresponsive at 30 minutes postexposure. Blood oxygen saturation and heart rate were slightly, but significantly, increased when compared with the baseline value and remained stable up to recovery. There was no significant increase in surface and cloaca temperatures, compared with baseline. With the 0.4% MS222 solution, the duration of anesthesia lasted for 90 minutes to at least 120 minutes (n=3 animals) and this concentration was deemed too high. In conclusion, a 20-minute immersion bath with 0.2% MS222 may be used for short procedures (15-30 minutes) requiring anesthesia of adult axolotls.
墨西哥钝口螈（）是医学多个领域中一种独特的研究模型，在这些领域可能需要进行外科手术和侵入性操作。迄今为止，对于两栖动物中最常用的麻醉剂MS222（甲磺酸三卡因）的功效了解甚少。本研究的主要目的是评估成年钝口螈在含有从0.1%开始逐步增加的MS222浓度的20分钟浸泡浴后的麻醉效果和生理变化。在MS222暴露后每隔15分钟评估麻醉深度和生理变化，评估参数如下：翻正行为、退缩反射、醋酸试验反应、心率、血氧饱和度以及泄殖腔和体表温度。在0.1%的MS222浸泡浴中暴露20分钟（n = 6只动物），暴露20分钟后对成年钝口螈没有麻醉效果。使用0.2%的MS222溶液时，所有钝口螈（n = 9）在15分钟时被深度麻醉，暴露后30分钟时80%仍无反应。与基线值相比，血氧饱和度和心率略有但显著增加，直至恢复一直保持稳定。与基线相比，体表和泄殖腔温度没有显著升高。使用0.4%的MS222溶液时，麻醉持续时间为90分钟至至少120分钟（n = 3只动物），该浓度被认为过高。总之，用0.2%的MS222进行20分钟的浸泡浴可用于需要对成年钝口螈进行麻醉的短时间手术（15 - 30分钟）。
