Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1065:49-59. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_3.
Gender differences in prevalence, manifestation, treatment outcomes, and prognosis have been well known for acquired heart disease such as coronary artery disease. Regarding congenital heart disease (CHD), it is recognized that the incidence of each congenital heart defect varies according to sex observed during a time span of more than 40 years. As diagnostic and surgical methods for CHD have achieved dramatic advances for the past decades, more newborns with CHD were able to survive and reach adulthood. Thereafter gender differences have begun to be reported on mortality, progress to pulmonary arterial hypertension, treatment outcomes, and prognosis in patients with CHD. However, it has been less known in the field of CHD yet, and this contribution describes information that is relatively well studied to date.
性别差异在后天获得性心脏病（如冠状动脉疾病）的患病率、表现、治疗效果和预后方面已经得到了充分的认识。而对于先天性心脏病（CHD），人们已经认识到，在超过 40 年的时间跨度内，每种先天性心脏缺陷的发生率因性别而异。由于 CHD 的诊断和手术方法在过去几十年中取得了巨大的进步，更多患有 CHD 的新生儿能够存活并达到成年期。此后，在 CHD 患者的死亡率、肺动脉高压进展、治疗效果和预后方面开始出现性别差异的报道。然而，在 CHD 领域，这方面的知识还比较欠缺，本文旨在描述迄今为止研究得相对较多的相关信息。
