Edmonstone John
School of Social Science and Public Policy, Keele University, North Yorkshire, UK.
Int J Health Plann Manage. 2018 Oct;33(4):e1193-e1199. doi: 10.1002/hpm.2606. Epub 2018 Jul 27.
Leadership and management capacity is an important factor in the health care systems of low and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to resource scarcity and a high burden of disease. The paper identifies the key concerns of health care policy-makers and health care leaders and managers in LMICs and, in the case of the latter, what is led and managed. It examines the two major education and training approaches adopted to develop such capacity and the cultural context against which development takes place, noting that leadership and management development in LMICs needs to reflect local cultures. From this consideration, it is proposed that action learning (which already has a track-record of application in LMICs) would be a practical way forward.
由于资源稀缺和疾病负担沉重，领导与管理能力是低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）卫生保健系统中的一个重要因素。本文确定了LMICs中卫生保健政策制定者以及卫生保健领导者和管理者的关键关切，对于后者而言，还明确了其所领导和管理的内容。本文考察了为培养此类能力而采用的两种主要教育和培训方法以及能力培养所处的文化背景，并指出LMICs中的领导力和管理能力发展需要反映当地文化。基于这一考虑，有人提出行动学习法（该方法在LMICs中已有应用记录）将是一条切实可行的前进道路。
