Manini I, Montomoli E
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Italy.
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Italy - VisMederi S.r.l., Italy.
Ann Ig. 2018 Jul-Aug;30(4 Supple 1):28-32. doi: 10.7416/ai.2018.2231.
Human papillomavirus is the most common sexually transmitted infection, and skin-to-skin genital contact is sufficient for virus transmission. Cervical cancer is the second-most common cancer in women living in less developed regions, with an estimated 445,000 new cases in 2012 and 230,000 deaths every year. Until now, more than 200 types of HPV have been identified, and about 15 types (HPV-16, -18, -31, -33, -35, -39, -45, -51, -52, -56, -58, -59, -66, -68, -82) have been shown to cause cervical cancer because they are able to transform infected cells into malignant tumor cells. The bivalent vaccine containing the serotypes 16 and 18 and the quadrivalent vaccine containing the serotypes 16, 18, 6 and 11, have been used in Italy for many years. The European Medicines Agency authorized marketing of the Gardasil 9 vaccine in the European Union on June 2015. Today, Public Health targets the immunization of adolescents of both genders based on new and important scientific evidence for maximum protection from all HPV related pathologies directly preventable with vaccination.
人乳头瘤病毒是最常见的性传播感染，皮肤与生殖器的接触就足以传播病毒。宫颈癌是生活在欠发达地区女性中第二常见的癌症，2012年估计有44.5万新发病例，每年有23万人死亡。到目前为止，已鉴定出200多种HPV类型，约15种（HPV-16、-18、-31、-33、-35、-39、-45、-51、-52、-56、-58、-59、-66、-68、-82）已被证明可导致宫颈癌，因为它们能够将受感染细胞转化为恶性肿瘤细胞。含有16和18型的二价疫苗以及含有16、18、6和11型的四价疫苗在意大利已使用多年。2015年6月，欧洲药品管理局批准了加德西9疫苗在欧盟上市。如今，基于新的重要科学证据，公共卫生部门的目标是让青少年男女都接种疫苗，以最大程度地预防所有可通过疫苗直接预防的与HPV相关的疾病。
