Fernández Alba Juan Jesús, Mesa Páez Cristina, Vilar Sánchez Ángel, Soto Pazos Estefanía, González Macías María Del Carmen, Serrano Negro Estefanía, Paublete Herrera María Del Carmen, Moreno Corral Luis Javier
Hospital Universitario de Puerto Real (Cádiz). Servicio Andaluz de Salud.
Nutr Hosp. 2018 Aug 2;35(4):874-880. doi: 10.20960/nh.1702.
obesity has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and gestational hypertension.
to determine if overweight and/or maternal obesity at the beginning of the pregnancy are associated with an increased risk of suffering from some hypertensive state of pregnancy in a population of southern Spain.
retrospective cohort study. We studied 4,711 cases where the IMC had been registered at the beginning of pregnancy. Two study groups were included: overweight/obesity at the beginning of the gestation.
pregnant women with normal BMI at the beginning of gestation. Global risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, chronic hypertension and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension were evaluated.
maternal overweight was associated with an increased risk of HDP (OR 2.04, 95% CI: 1.43-2.91) and an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR 1.68, 95% CI: 1.03-2.72) and chronic HT (OR: 3.70, 95% CI: 1.67-8.18). Maternal obesity was associated with an increase in some HDP (OR 3.54, 95% CI: 2.65-4.73), gestational hypertension (OR 2.94, 95% CI: 2-4.33), chronic HT (OR 8.31, 95% CI: 4.23-16.42) and preeclampsia (OR 2.08, 95% CI: 1.12-3.87) In the multivariate analysis (adjusted for parity and maternal age), overweight was associated with an increased risk of gestational hypertension (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.06-2.85), chronic HT (OR 3.76, 95% CI: 1.69-8.35) and preeclampsia (OR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.005-4.48); obesity also increased the risk of gestational hypertension (OR 2.40, 95% CI: 1.39-4.13), chronic hypertension (OR 17.96, 95% CI: 8.78-36.76) and preeclampsia (OR 3, 69; 95% CI: 1.64-8.27).
in conclusion, a significant and independent association was found between maternal overweight/obesity and HDP. The risk is significantly higher as the BMI increases (from overweight to obesity grade 3).
肥胖与先兆子痫和妊娠期高血压风险增加有关。
确定妊娠开始时超重和/或母体肥胖是否与西班牙南部人群中某些妊娠高血压状态的风险增加有关。
回顾性队列研究。我们研究了4711例在妊娠开始时记录了体重指数（BMI）的病例。纳入两个研究组：妊娠开始时超重/肥胖。
妊娠开始时BMI正常的孕妇。评估了妊娠高血压疾病（HDP）的总体风险以及妊娠期高血压、先兆子痫、慢性高血压和慢性高血压合并先兆子痫的风险。
母体超重与HDP风险增加相关（比值比[OR]2.04，95%置信区间[CI]：1.43 - 2.91），妊娠期高血压风险增加（OR 1.68，95%CI：1.03 - 2.72）以及慢性高血压风险增加（OR：3.70，95%CI：1.67 - 8.18）。母体肥胖与某些HDP增加相关（OR 3.54，95%CI：2.65 - 4.73），妊娠期高血压（OR 2.94，95%CI：2 - 4.33），慢性高血压（OR 8.31，95%CI：4.23 - 16.42）和先兆子痫（OR 2.08，95%CI：1.12 - 3.87）。在多变量分析中（根据产次和母亲年龄进行调整），超重与妊娠期高血压风险增加相关（OR：1.74，95%CI：1.06 - 2.85），慢性高血压（OR 3.76，95%CI：1.69 - 8.35）和先兆子痫（OR 2.12，95%CI：1.005 - 4.48）；肥胖也增加了妊娠期高血压风险（OR 2.40，95%CI：1.39 - 4.13），慢性高血压（OR 17.96，95%CI：8.78 - 36.76）和先兆子痫（OR 3.69；95%CI：1.64 - 8.27）。
总之，发现母体超重/肥胖与HDP之间存在显著且独立的关联。随着BMI增加（从超重到3级肥胖），风险显著更高。
