Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran.
Cytokine. 2023 Sep;169:156303. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156303. Epub 2023 Jul 18.
Ageing can be accompanied by increased inflammation, which contributes to the development of sarcopenia. Exercise training could be effective for preventing sarcopenia and mitigate inflammation and thus a viable intervention in ageing. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise training on markers of inflammation including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in older adults (≥65 years). Exercise-based interventions are most successful in preventing the decline in skeletal muscle mass and in preserving or ameliorating functional capacities with increasing age.
PubMed and Web of Science were searched through to December 2021 using "exercise", "inflammatory markers", "elderly", and "randomized controlled trial" to identify randomized trials evaluating the effects of exercise training versus control groups on IL-6, TNF-α, and CRP in older adults with mean ages ≥ 65 yrs. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were determined using random effects models.
Forty studies involving 49 trials and 1,898 older adults were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, exercise training reduced IL-6 [-0.17 (95% CI -0.32 to -0.02), p = 0.02], TNF-α [-0.30 (95% CI -0.46 to -0.13), p = 0.001], and CRP [-0.45 (95% CI -0.61 to -0.29), p = 0.001]. Subgroup analyses showed that IL-6 was reduced significantly by combined training, TNF-α by aerobic training, and CRP by aerobic, resistance, and combined training. In addition, exercise training reduced IL-6 and TNF-α in older adults with chronic diseases, and CRP in older adults with and without chronic diseases.
The current results highlight that exercise training, regardless of exercise type, has small to moderate beneficial effects on markers of inflammation in older adults, particularly in those with chronic diseases.
衰老伴随着炎症的增加，这会导致肌肉减少症的发生。运动训练可能对预防肌肉减少症和减轻炎症有效，因此是一种可行的衰老干预措施。因此，我们进行了一项系统评价和荟萃分析，以调查运动训练对老年人（≥65 岁）炎症标志物（包括白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和 C 反应蛋白（CRP））的影响。基于运动的干预措施在预防骨骼肌质量下降和随着年龄的增长保持或改善功能能力方面最为成功。
通过“exercise”、“inflammatory markers”、“elderly”和“randomized controlled trial”，检索 PubMed 和 Web of Science 数据库，以确定评估运动训练与对照组对年龄≥65 岁老年人 IL-6、TNF-α 和 CRP 影响的随机试验。使用随机效应模型确定标准化均数差（SMD）和 95%置信区间（95%CI）。
纳入了 40 项研究共 49 项试验，涉及 1898 名老年人。总的来说，运动训练降低了 IL-6[-0.17（95%CI-0.32 至-0.02），p=0.02]、TNF-α[-0.30（95%CI-0.46 至-0.13），p=0.001]和 CRP[-0.45（95%CI-0.61 至-0.29），p=0.001]。亚组分析显示，联合训练显著降低了 IL-6，有氧运动训练降低了 TNF-α，有氧运动、抗阻运动和联合训练降低了 CRP。此外，运动训练降低了患有慢性病的老年人的 IL-6 和 TNF-α，以及无慢性病的老年人的 CRP。
目前的结果强调，无论运动类型如何，运动训练对老年人的炎症标志物都有较小到中等的有益影响，尤其是对患有慢性病的老年人。
