旅行相关精神病（TrP）：景观分析。

Travel-related psychosis (TrP): a landscape analysis.

机构信息

Psychiatre Hospitalier, Chercheur Associe au CNRS, Paris, France.

Publications Department, VEI, Incorporated, Marshall, VA, USA.

出版信息

J Travel Med. 2018 Aug 1;25(1). doi: 10.1093/jtm/tay054.

DOI:10.1093/jtm/tay054

PMID:30085263

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Travel-related psychosis (TrP) can be difficult for both the traveller and treating clinician. This review focuses upon a particular subset of TrP occurring during travel to destinations with high religious, spiritual, cultural or aesthetic value (high valence destinations) because it is both interesting and informative.

METHOD

Psychiatric, occupational and travel medicine literature was reviewed using PubMed with search terms of 'travel' AND 'psychosis' and 'international travel' AND 'psychosis' from 1998 to the present. Articles were included if they dealt with psychosis in travellers to high valence destinations. Articles were excluded if they dealt primarily with psychosis in travellers due to drug or medication usage. French literature was obtained using the CH St. Anne Ey Medical Library, Paris, France.

RESULTS

Literature on TrP to high valence destinations is lacking many details. The range of high valence destinations is wide. Incidence and prevalence figures for TrP of any type do not exist although rough calculations as to incidence of psychiatric problems and psychosis in travellers are made based upon the articles reviewed and are discussed. Findings lead to several hypotheses with both medico-legal, diagnostic and epidemiological ramifications.

CONCLUSIONS

TrP to a number of high valence destinations is a real phenomenon worthy of further study. It is not clear that TrP is more likely to occur with such travel than to non-high valence destinations or not. First episode psychosis during travel to high valence and other destinations is reported and has medico-legal ramifications. Some TrP episodes likely are brief psychotic disorders and this hypothesis should be rigorously explored in future reports. A number of suggestions concerning further studies are made.

摘要

背景

旅行相关精神病（TrP）可能对旅行者和治疗临床医生来说都很困难。本综述重点关注在前往具有高度宗教、精神、文化或美学价值（高价值目的地）的目的地旅行时发生的特定 TrP 亚组，因为它既有趣又有启发性。

方法

使用 PubMed 检索词“旅行”和“精神病”以及“国际旅行”和“精神病”，对精神病学、职业医学和旅行医学文献进行了回顾，检索时间从 1998 年至今。如果文章涉及到前往高价值目的地的旅行者的精神病，就将其纳入。如果文章主要涉及因药物或药物使用而导致旅行者出现精神病，则将其排除在外。使用法国巴黎 CH St. Anne Ey 医学图书馆获取法国文献。

结果

关于前往高价值目的地的 TrP 的文献缺乏许多细节。高价值目的地的范围很广。任何类型的 TrP 的发病率和患病率数据都不存在，尽管根据综述的文章进行了粗略计算，并对旅行者中出现精神问题和精神病的发病率进行了讨论。研究结果提出了一些假说，这些假说既有医学法律、诊断和流行病学方面的影响。

结论

前往多个高价值目的地的 TrP 是一种真实存在的现象，值得进一步研究。目前尚不清楚与这种旅行相比，TrP 发生在高价值目的地或其他目的地的可能性更大。报告了在前往高价值和其他目的地旅行时首次出现精神病，这具有医学法律方面的影响。一些 TrP 发作可能是短暂的精神病障碍，这一假说应该在未来的报告中进行严格的探索。提出了一些关于进一步研究的建议。