Kim Eun-Kyung, Ndahimana Didace, Ishikawa-Takata Kazuko, Lee Sangjik, Kim Hyungryul, Lim Kiwon, Lee In-Sook, Tanaka Shigeho, Kim Ye-Jin, Choi Yeon-Jung, Ju Mun-Jeong, Park Jonghoon
Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.
Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan.
Nutr Res Pract. 2018 Aug;12(4):336-341. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.4.336. Epub 2018 Jul 25.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) for energy are derived from total energy expenditure (TEE) measured using the doubly labelled water (DLW) method. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of DRI for predicting the energy requirements of elementary school-age children.
SUBJECTS/METHODS: The present study involved 25 elementary school-age children aged between 9 and 11 years. TEE was assessed by the DLW method, and the results were compared with the TEE predicted by the DRI equations in order to evaluate accuracy.
The subjects' TEE measured by the DLW method was 1,925.2 ± 380.9 kcal/day in boys and 1,930.0 ± 279.4 kcal/day in girls, whereas resting energy expenditure was 1,220.2 ± 176.9 kcal/day in boys and 1,245.9 ± 171.3 kcal/day for girls. The physical activity level was 1.58 ± 0.20 in boys and 1.55 ± 0.13 in girls. The mean bias between the predicted and measured TEE was 12.6% in boys and -1.6% in girls, and the percentage of accurate predictions was 28.6% and 63.6%, respectively. In boys, the equation resulted in underprediction of TEE among the subjects having low TEE values, whereas there was overprediction among subjects having high TEE values as shown by the Bland-Altman plot. On the contrary, this proportional bias was not observed in girls.
The findings of this study suggest that the DRI equation for energy could result in the overestimation of energy requirements in elementary school-age boys. In the case of girls, the equations could be accurate at the group level. However, the DRI appears to be invalid for individual girls, as more than one third of girls had their TEE inaccurately predicted. We recommend more studies for confirmation of these results.
背景/目的：能量的膳食参考摄入量（DRI）源自使用双标水（DLW）法测量的总能量消耗（TEE）。本研究的目的是评估DRI在预测小学学龄儿童能量需求方面的有效性。
对象/方法：本研究纳入了25名9至11岁的小学学龄儿童。通过DLW法评估TEE，并将结果与DRI方程预测的TEE进行比较，以评估准确性。
通过DLW法测量，男孩的TEE为1,925.2±380.9千卡/天，女孩为1,930.0±279.4千卡/天，而静息能量消耗男孩为1,220.2±176.9千卡/天，女孩为1,245.9±171.3千卡/天。男孩的身体活动水平为1.58±0.20，女孩为1.55±0.13。预测TEE与测量TEE之间的平均偏差男孩为12.6%，女孩为-1.6%，准确预测的百分比分别为28.6%和63.6%。在男孩中，该方程导致TEE值较低的受试者的TEE预测值偏低，而正如Bland-Altman图所示，TEE值较高的受试者存在预测值偏高的情况。相反，在女孩中未观察到这种比例偏差。
本研究结果表明，能量的DRI方程可能会高估小学学龄男孩的能量需求。对于女孩，这些方程在群体水平上可能是准确的。然而，DRI对于个体女孩似乎无效，因为超过三分之一的女孩的TEE被不准确地预测。我们建议进行更多研究以证实这些结果。
