Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2018 Aug 9;20(9):68. doi: 10.1007/s11920-018-0936-5.
In the past 20 years, the role of disgust in anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has been investigated with increasing precision. In this review, we examine recent evidence implicating disgust in anxiety and OCD, highlighting recent measurement and methodological improvements. Specific emphasis is placed on understanding the mechanisms that may account for the role of disgust in OCD and related disorders.
Recent developments include clarification of the role of distinct disgust-relevant vulnerabilities in the etiology of anxiety and OCD, an improved understanding of the neurobiology of disgust processing in OCD, and an increased focus on disgust-related mechanisms that contribute to psychopathology, such as disgust-based learning and emotion regulation. Disgust proneness is increasingly linked with symptoms of anxiety and OCD. However, further examination of the mechanisms that account for the roles of distinct disgust-relevant vulnerabilities is needed, and studies that directly examine disgust during the course of treatment are limited. Increasingly, the field has moved toward experimental investigation of specific disgust-relevant mechanisms that influence the etiology and treatment of OCD and related anxiety disorders.
在过去的 20 年中，人们越来越精确地研究了厌恶感在焦虑症和强迫症（OCD）中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们考察了最近的证据，这些证据表明厌恶感与焦虑和 OCD 有关，同时强调了最近在测量和方法学方面的改进。特别关注的是理解可能导致 OCD 及相关障碍中厌恶感作用的机制。
最近的发展包括澄清了不同与厌恶相关的脆弱性在焦虑和 OCD 病因学中的作用，更好地理解了 OCD 中厌恶加工的神经生物学，以及更加关注导致精神病理学的与厌恶相关的机制，如基于厌恶的学习和情绪调节。易厌恶倾向与焦虑和 OCD 的症状越来越相关。然而，仍需要进一步研究解释不同与厌恶相关的脆弱性的作用机制，而且直接在治疗过程中检查厌恶感的研究也很有限。该领域越来越倾向于对影响 OCD 和相关焦虑障碍的病因和治疗的特定与厌恶相关的机制进行实验研究。
