Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Mol Cancer Ther. 2018 Nov;17(11):2377-2388. doi: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-17-1090. Epub 2018 Aug 10.
Pancreatic cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death, with 5-year survival of 8.5%. The lack of significant progress in improving therapy reflects our inability to overcome the desmoplastic stromal barrier in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) as well as a paucity of new approaches targeting its genetic underpinnings. RNA interference holds promise in targeting key mutations driving PDAC; however, a nucleic acid delivery vehicle that homes to PDAC and breaches the stroma does not yet exist. Noting that the cyclic peptide iRGD mediates tumor targeting and penetration through interactions with αβ integrins and neuropilin-1, we hypothesized that "tandem" peptides combining a cell-penetrating peptide and iRGD can encapsulate siRNA to form tumor-penetrating nanocomplexes (TPN) capable of delivering siRNA to PDAC. The use of directly conjugated iRGD is justified by receptor expression patterns in human PDAC biopsies. In this work, we optimize iRGD TPNs with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-peptide conjugates for systemic delivery to sites of disease. We show that TPNs effectively knockdown siRNA targets in PDAC cell lines and in an immunocompetent genetically engineered mouse model of PDAC. Furthermore, we validate their tumor-penetrating ability in three-dimensional organoids and autochthonous tumors. In murine therapeutic trials, TPNs delivering anti- siRNA significantly delay tumor growth. Thus, iRGD TPNs hold promise in treating PDAC by not only overcoming physical barriers to therapy, but by leveraging the stroma to achieve knockdown of the gold-standard genetic target. Moreover, the modular construction of this delivery platform allows for facile adaptation to future genetic target candidates in pancreatic cancer. .
胰腺癌是癌症相关死亡的主要原因之一,5 年生存率为 8.5%。在改善治疗方面缺乏显著进展,这反映出我们无法克服胰腺导管腺癌(PDAC)中的纤维组织屏障,以及缺乏针对其遗传基础的新方法。RNA 干扰在靶向驱动 PDAC 的关键突变方面具有潜力;然而,针对 PDAC 并突破基质的核酸传递载体尚未存在。注意到环状肽 iRGD 通过与αβ整合素和神经纤毛蛋白-1 的相互作用介导肿瘤靶向和穿透,我们假设“串联”肽结合细胞穿透肽和 iRGD 可以包裹 siRNA 形成能够将 siRNA 递送至 PDAC 的肿瘤穿透纳米复合物(TPN)。直接缀合的 iRGD 的使用是合理的,因为在人类 PDAC 活检中存在受体表达模式。在这项工作中,我们使用聚乙二醇(PEG)-肽缀合物优化 iRGD TPN 以进行系统递送至疾病部位。我们表明 TPN 有效地在 PDAC 细胞系和免疫功能正常的 PDAC 基因工程小鼠模型中敲低 siRNA 靶标。此外,我们在三维类器官和同源肿瘤中验证了它们的肿瘤穿透能力。在小鼠治疗试验中,递送抗 siRNA 的 TPN 可显著延缓肿瘤生长。因此,iRGD TPN 通过克服治疗的物理障碍,并利用基质实现对黄金标准遗传靶标的敲低,有望治疗 PDAC。此外,这种递药平台的模块化构建允许轻松适应未来胰腺癌的遗传靶标候选物。
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