Linnoila M, Liljequist R, Olkoniemi J, Saario I
Pharmakopsychiatr Neuropsychopharmakol. 1977 Jul;10(4):246-53. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1094545.
For 2 weeks 40 volunteers received either 5 mg diazepam, t.i.d., or 10 mg chlordiazepoxide, t.i.d., and placebo. A choice reaction test, two coordination tests, and an attention test were administered to the subjects on the 14th day of each treatment. Thirty minutes before the tests, the subjects ingested either alcohol., 5g/kg or a placebo drink, incombination with the last capsule. After the test the subjects rated the quality of their treatment as placebo, tranquilizer, or stimulant. The psychological tests taken before the treatments were Eysenck's EPIC-NESI, Taylor's Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS), and Cattell's 16 PF inventory. A multiple regression analysis was computed. Personality factor scores found to be associated with a strong effect of the benzodiazepines were 16 PF's A, C, L, N, and Q, and EPIC's E. The effect of alcohol was associated with a high score of 16 PFs B factor. Personality factors associated with "placebo reactors" and nonreactors were investigated, as well. Those subjects on placebo indicating their treatment to be active were classified as "placebo reactors". A discriminant analysis revealed that 16PF's O and I factors discriminated effectively "placebo reactors" from nonreactors, and EPIC's SE and 16 PF's L factor nonreactors from "reactors".
40名志愿者连续两周每天三次服用5毫克地西泮或10毫克氯氮卓，以及安慰剂。在每种治疗的第14天，对受试者进行了选择反应测试、两项协调性测试和一项注意力测试。在测试前30分钟，受试者摄入5克/千克酒精或安慰剂饮料，并同时服用最后一粒胶囊。测试后，受试者将他们的治疗效果评为安慰剂、镇静剂或兴奋剂。治疗前进行的心理测试包括艾森克的EPIC-NESI、泰勒的显性焦虑量表（MAS）和卡特尔的16种人格因素问卷。进行了多元回归分析。发现与苯二氮卓类药物强效作用相关的人格因素得分是16种人格因素问卷中的A、C、L、N和Q因子，以及EPIC中的E因子。酒精的作用与16种人格因素问卷中的B因子高分相关。还研究了与“安慰剂反应者”和无反应者相关的人格因素。那些服用安慰剂但表示治疗有效的受试者被归类为“安慰剂反应者”。判别分析显示，16种人格因素问卷中的O和I因子能有效区分“安慰剂反应者”和无反应者，而EPIC中的SE因子以及16种人格因素问卷中的L因子能区分无反应者和“反应者”。
