Orssatto Lucas Bet da Rosa, Moura Bruno Monteiro de, Sakugawa Raphael Luiz, Radaelli Regis, Diefenthaeler Fernando
Laboratório de Biomecânica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Laboratório de Pesquisa do Exercício, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2018 Jul;22(3):592-597. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.09.023. Epub 2017 Oct 3.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether 12 weeks of leg press strength training exercise could affect the conventional and functional hamstring:quadriceps ratios in the elderly. Twelve elderly participants were submitted to a 12 week progressive training protocol (two sessions/week) using a 45° leg press exercise. A significant increase in the one repetition maximum was observed after 4, 8, and 12 weeks (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively) compared to week 0 and after 8 (p = 0.011) and 12 weeks (p = 0.001) compared to week 4. The concentric knee extensor peak torque was significantly higher at weeks 8 (p = 0.001) and 12 (p = 0.024) compared to week 0. There was no change in the concentric and eccentric knee flexor peak torques (p = 0.629 and 0.274, respectively) and conventional ratio (p > 0.314) after 12 weeks of training. The functional ratio (eccentric knee flexor peak torque:concentric knee extensor peak torque) reduced significantly after 8 (p = 0.034) and 12 (p = 0.036) weeks of strength training. Although the 45° leg press exercise requires knee extensor and flexor, hip extensor, and plantar flexor muscle strength, our findings suggest that the isolated use of the 45° leg press exercise reduces the knee functional ratio after 8 weeks of training. Therefore, 45° leg press exercise alone, without a hamstring exercise, should not be recommended for elderly individuals.
本研究的目的是调查为期12周的腿举力量训练运动是否会影响老年人传统的和功能性的绳肌与股四头肌比例。12名老年参与者接受了为期12周的渐进式训练方案（每周两次训练），采用45°腿举运动。与第0周相比，在第4、8和12周时观察到1次重复最大值显著增加（分别为p = 0.001、p < 0.001和p < 0.001），与第4周相比，在第8周（p = 0.011）和第12周（p = 0.001）时也显著增加。与第0周相比，在第8周（p = 0.001）和第12周（p = 0.024）时，向心膝关节伸肌峰值扭矩显著更高。经过12周训练后，向心和离心膝关节屈肌峰值扭矩（分别为p = 0.629和0.274）以及传统比例（p > 0.314）均无变化。在进行8周（p = 0.034）和12周（p = 0.036）的力量训练后，功能比例（离心膝关节屈肌峰值扭矩：向心膝关节伸肌峰值扭矩）显著降低。尽管45°腿举运动需要膝关节伸肌和屈肌、髋关节伸肌以及跖屈肌的力量，但我们的研究结果表明，单独使用45°腿举运动在训练8周后会降低膝关节功能比例。因此，对于老年人，不建议仅进行45°腿举运动而不进行绳肌运动。
