Health Research Centre. University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics (KIBIOMER Lab) Research Central Services, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.
Sports Health. 2022 May-Jun;14(3):317-327. doi: 10.1177/19417381211016357. Epub 2021 Jun 4.
The leg press is one of the most typical exercises for strengthening the lower limbs. The objectives of this study were to compare 5 inclined leg press exercise conditions, varying the feet width stance (100% or 150% hip width), the feet rotation (0° or 45° external rotation) on the footplate and using 2 different movement velocities (MVs; maximum intended, and 2:2 seconds steady-paced velocities) to determine their effect on muscle activation as well as on the kinematic parameters between trained men and trained women.
There will be no significant differences in muscle activation with regard to the feet position. The higher the MV, the greater the muscle activation.
A cross-sectional cohort study.
Level 3.
A repeated-measures between-group design was performed to examine muscle activation and kinematic parameters for the different conditions between gender groups. The level of significance was set at alpha = 0.05 for all statistical analyses.
Muscle activation presented no differences between conditions regarding feet width stance or feet rotation. Furthermore, muscle activation was greater during positive phases than negative phases of the exercise for all conditions and was also greater under maximum intended velocity conditions compared with steady-paced conditions. Otherwise, the muscle activation pattern presented slight differences by gender. In men, the greatest muscle activation was for the vastus medialis, followed by the vastus lateralis (VL), rectus femoris (RF), and gluteus medialis (GMED), while in women, the greatest muscle activation was for the vastus medialis, followed by the RF, VL, and GMED. Finally, greater mean propulsive velocity, maximum velocity, maximum power, and footplate displacement values were reported for men than for women under all the conditions.
The inclined leg press exercise produces the highest muscle activation in the vastus medialis, regardless of the velocity, feet stance, or gender.
Given that there are no differences in muscle activation regarding the feet stance, a participant's preferred feet stance should be encouraged during the inclined leg press exercise. Furthermore, the MV would preferably depend on the session objective (a training or a rehabilitation program), being aware that there is greater muscle activation at higher speeds. The inclined leg press exercise could be performed as a closed kinetic chain exercise when the main objective is to activate the vastus medialis.
腿举是一种强化下肢的典型练习。本研究的目的是比较 5 种不同倾斜腿举练习条件，包括双脚宽度站位（100%或 150%髋宽）、脚在脚踏板上的旋转（0°或 45°外旋）以及使用 2 种不同的运动速度（MV；最大意图速度和 2:2 秒稳定速度），以确定它们对肌肉激活以及训练有素的男性和女性之间的运动学参数的影响。
在脚的位置方面，肌肉激活不会有显著差异。MV 越高，肌肉激活越大。
一项横截面队列研究。
3 级。
采用重复测量组间设计，比较不同性别组之间不同条件下的肌肉激活和运动学参数。所有统计分析的显著性水平均设为 alpha = 0.05。
在双脚宽度站位或脚旋转方面，肌肉激活在条件之间没有差异。此外，对于所有条件，在运动的正相阶段，肌肉激活大于负相阶段，并且在最大意图速度条件下，肌肉激活大于稳定速度条件下。否则，肌肉激活模式因性别而异。在男性中，最大的肌肉激活发生在股直肌，其次是股外侧肌（VL）、股四头肌（RF）和臀中肌（GMED），而在女性中，最大的肌肉激活发生在股直肌，其次是 RF、VL 和 GMED。最后，在所有条件下，男性的平均推进速度、最大速度、最大功率和脚踏板位移值都大于女性。
无论速度、脚站位或性别如何，倾斜腿举练习都会使股直肌产生最高的肌肉激活。
鉴于在脚站位方面肌肉激活没有差异，在进行倾斜腿举练习时，应鼓励参与者采用其喜欢的脚站位。此外，MV 最好取决于训练目标（训练或康复计划），因为在更高速度下会有更大的肌肉激活。当主要目标是激活股直肌时，倾斜腿举练习可以作为一种闭式运动链练习。
