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南非潜在器官捐赠者未被转诊的情况：见解、挑战与伦理困境

Non-referral of potential organ donors in South Africa: insights, challenges and ethical dilemmas.

作者信息

Naidoo Poobalan, Etheredge Harriet Rosanne, Rambiritch Virendra, Singh Akira, Mahoney Scott, Naidu Vanesha

机构信息

King Edward VIII Tertiary Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, South Africa.

Wits Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Johannesburg and Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

出版信息

Pan Afr Med J. 2018 Apr 24;29:223. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.29.223.14756. eCollection 2018.

DOI:10.11604/pamj.2018.29.223.14756
PMID:30100977
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6080966/
Abstract

Traditionally, minimal potential organ donor referrals emanate from general medicine departments. We use a clinical vignette to draw attention to challenges related to referral of potential organ donors from general internal medicine departments. In addition, we provide potential solutions to overcome challenges and reflect on the ethical issues of non-referral of potential organ donors. It is hoped that this paper will increase the awareness of organ donation in the medical fraternity in Africa and thus mitigate critical shortages of organs for transplantation.

摘要

传统上，潜在器官捐献者的转诊大多来自普通内科。我们通过一个临床案例来提请大家关注普通内科潜在器官捐献者转诊方面的挑战。此外，我们还提供了克服这些挑战的潜在解决方案，并对不转诊潜在器官捐献者的伦理问题进行反思。希望本文能提高非洲医学界对器官捐献的认识，从而缓解移植器官严重短缺的状况。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9f60/6080966/14c82c07e12a/PAMJ-29-223-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9f60/6080966/9f65612e53c8/PAMJ-29-223-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9f60/6080966/14c82c07e12a/PAMJ-29-223-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9f60/6080966/9f65612e53c8/PAMJ-29-223-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9f60/6080966/14c82c07e12a/PAMJ-29-223-g002.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Opt-in or opt-out to increase organ donation in South Africa? Appraising proposed strategies using an empirical ethics analysis.在南非选择加入还是选择退出以增加器官捐赠？运用实证伦理学分析评估拟议的策略。
Dev World Bioeth. 2018 Jun;18(2):119-125. doi: 10.1111/dewb.12154. Epub 2017 May 16.
2
"Effective" Requesting: A Scoping Review of the Literature on Asking Families to Consent to Organ and Tissue Donation.“有效的”请求：关于请求家属同意器官和组织捐赠的文献综述
Transplantation. 2017 May;101(5S Suppl 1):S1-S16. doi: 10.1097/TP.0000000000001695.
3
Lessons learned from the world's first successful penis allotransplantation.
从世界首例成功的阴茎异体移植中吸取的经验教训。
J Mater Sci Mater Med. 2017 Feb;28(2):27. doi: 10.1007/s10856-016-5836-9. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
4
HIV-positive-to-HIV-positive kidney transplantation--results at 3 to 5 years.人类免疫缺陷病毒阳性患者之间的肾移植——3至5年的结果
N Engl J Med. 2015 Feb 12;372(7):613-20. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1408896.
5
Attitudes and beliefs of South African medical students toward organ transplantation.南非医学生对器官移植的态度和看法。
Clin Transplant. 2012 Mar-Apr;26(2):192-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2011.01449.x. Epub 2011 Apr 3.
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Trafficking of persons for the removal of organs and the admission of guilt of a South African hospital.
Med Law Rev. 2011 Winter;19(1):117-22. doi: 10.1093/medlaw/fwr001. Epub 2011 Jan 25.
7
Exploring the psychological effects of deceased organ donation on the families of the organ donors.探讨 deceased 器官捐赠对器官捐赠者家属的心理影响。 （注：这里“deceased”常见释义为“已故的” ，但在器官捐赠语境下不太准确，可能原文有误，正常应该是“cadaveric”即“尸体的、捐赠器官的尸体的” ，不过按照给定原文翻译如上 ）
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