Doustmohammadian Aazam, Keshavarz Mohammadi Nastaran, Omidvar Nasrin, Amini Maryam, Abdollahi Morteza, Eini-Zinab Hassan, Amirhamidi Zeinab, Esfandiari Saeed, Nutbeam Don
Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute; and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Promot Int. 2019 Oct 1;34(5):1002-1013. doi: 10.1093/heapro/day050.
This study used a locally designed and validated questionnaire to describe the distribution of food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT) in a cross-sectional sample of 803 students aged 10-12 years from elementary schools in Tehran city, Iran. Logistic regression was used to assess the extent to which various independent covariates were associated with low FNLIT. The data were used to identify significant differences using a range of social and cultural variables relevant to the context of school students in Iran. The results of the study showed that although the total FNLIT level was good, this headline finding masked important differences in the sub-domains. More than half of the children (69%) had high levels of FNLIT in the cognitive domain, but in the skills domain, very few (3%) scored highly. The study also identified some associations between the total FNLIT and its subscales and sociodemographic variables including gender, parent's education and age, birth order. These results highlighted groups within the school population who were at higher risk of having lower FNLIT levels. They also indicate that girls feel more able to exert choice and control over food and nutrition decisions than boys are but may be less able to do so in practice. Overall, these results are a general reminder to schools of the different learning needs of children from different family backgrounds. The article highlights the need for continuous improvement in the health education curriculum of schools in Iran, particularly highlighting the importance of giving greater attention to the development of practical food and nutrition skills alongside more traditional food and nutrition knowledge. Additional studies (with long-term follow-up) are needed to more fully assess and understand the predictors of FNLIT.
本研究使用了一份在当地设计并经过验证的问卷，以描述来自伊朗德黑兰市小学的803名10至12岁学生横断面样本中的食品与营养素养（FNLIT）分布情况。采用逻辑回归来评估各种独立协变量与低FNLIT相关的程度。利用与伊朗在校学生背景相关的一系列社会和文化变量，这些数据被用于识别显著差异。研究结果表明，尽管FNLIT总体水平良好，但这一总体发现掩盖了各子领域的重要差异。超过一半的儿童（69%）在认知领域具有较高的FNLIT水平，但在技能领域，很少有儿童（3%）得分很高。该研究还确定了FNLIT总分及其子量表与社会人口学变量（包括性别、父母教育程度和年龄、出生顺序）之间的一些关联。这些结果突出了在校人群中FNLIT水平较低风险较高的群体。它们还表明，女孩比男孩更觉得自己能够在食品和营养决策上做出选择和控制，但在实际操作中可能能力较弱。总体而言，这些结果普遍提醒学校要关注来自不同家庭背景儿童的不同学习需求。文章强调了伊朗学校健康教育课程持续改进的必要性，尤其突出了在传授更传统的食品和营养知识的同时，更加重视培养实际食品和营养技能的重要性。需要进行更多的研究（包括长期随访），以更全面地评估和理解FNLIT的预测因素。
